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The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is a high-performance general-purpose detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. More than twenty institutes from Russia and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) are involved in Russia and Dubna Member States (RDMS) CMS Collaboration. A proper computing grid-infrastructure has been constructed at the RDMS institutes for the participation in the running phase of the CMS experiment. Current status of RDMS CMS computing and plans of its development to the next LHC start in 2015 are presented.

In the article is carried out the analysis of historical process with the use of methods of synergetics (science about the nonlinear developing systems in nature and the society), developed in the works of D. S. Chernavskii in connection with to economic and social systems. It is shown that social self-organizing depending on conditions leads to the formation of both the societies with the strong internal competition (Y-structures) and cooperative type societies (X-structures). Y-structures are characteristic for the countries of the West, X-structure are characteristic for the countries of the East. It is shown that in XIX and in XX centuries occurred accelerated shaping and strengthening of Y-structures. However, at present world system entered into the period of serious structural changes in the economic, political, ideological spheres: the domination of Y-structures concludes. Are examined the possible ways of further development of the world system, connected with change in the regimes of self-organizing and limitation of internal competition. This passage will be prolonged and complex. Under these conditions it will objectively grow the value of the civilizational experience of Russia, on basis of which was formed combined type social system. It is shown that ultimately inevitable the passage from the present do-mination of Y-structures to the absolutely new global system, whose stability will be based on the new ideology, the new spirituality (i.e., new “conditional information” according D. S. Chernavskii), which makes a turn from the principles of competition to the principles of collaboration.

Certifying a transport airplane for the flights under icing conditions requires calculations aimed at definition of the dimensions and shapes of the ice bodies formed on the airplane surfaces. Up to date, software developed in Russia for simulation of ice accretion, which would be authorized by Russian certifying supervisory authority, is absent. This paper describes methodology IceVision recently developed in Russia on the basis of software FlowVision for calculations of ice accretion on airplane surfaces.

The main difference of methodology IceVision from the other approaches, known from literature, consists in using technology Volume Of Fluid (VOF — volume of fluid in cell) for tracking the surface of growing ice body. The methodology assumes solving a time-depended problem of continuous grows of ice body in the Euler formulation. The ice is explicitly present in the computational domain. The energy equation is integrated inside the ice body. In the other approaches, changing the ice shape is taken into account by means of modifying the aerodynamic surface and using Lagrangian mesh. In doing so, the heat transfer into ice is allowed for by an empirical model.

The implemented mathematical model provides capability to simulate formation of rime (dry) and glaze (wet) ice. It automatically identifies zones of rime and glaze ice. In a rime (dry) ice zone, the temperature of the contact surface between air and ice is calculated with account of ice sublimation and heat conduction inside the ice. In a glaze (wet) ice zone, the flow of the water film over the ice surface is allowed for. The film freezes due to evaporation and heat transfer inside the air and the ice. Methodology IceVision allows for separation of the film. For simulation of the two-phase flow of the air and droplets, a multi-speed model is used within the Euler approach. Methodology IceVision allows for size distribution of droplets. The computational algorithm takes account of essentially different time scales for the physical processes proceeding in the course of ice accretion, viz., air-droplets flow, water flow, and ice growth. Numerical solutions of validation test problems demonstrate efficiency of methodology IceVision and reliability of FlowVision results.

This article presents a classification of cities, taking into account their spatial planning and possible transport solutions for cities of various types. It also discusses examples of various strategies for the development of urban public transport in Russia and the European Union with a comparison of their efficiency. The article gives examples of the impact of urban planning on mobility of citizens. To implement complex strategic decisions, it is necessary to use micro and macro models which allow a comparison of situations “as is” and “as to be” to predict consequences. In addition, the authors propose a methodology to improve public transport route network and road network, which includes determining population needs in working and educational correspondences, identifying bottlenecks in the road network, developing simulation models and developing recommendations based on the simulation results, as well as the calculation of efficiency, including the calculation of a positive social effect, economic efficiency, environmental friendliness and sustainability of the urban transport system. To prove the suggested methodology, the macro and micro models of the city under study were built taking into account the spatial planning and other specifics of the city. Thus, the case study of the city of Naberezhnye Chelny shows that the use of our methodology can help to improve the situation on the roads by optimizing the bus route network and the road infrastructure. The results showed that by implementing the proposed solutions one can decrease the amount of transport load on the bottlenecks, the number of overlapping bus routes and the traffic density.

Problems of application of quasicellular networks for simulation of flows of visitors in different public spaces are considered. Quasicellular networks are basic discrete structures without signature. Proposed approach may be used to create simulations on micro and macro levels. It also may be used for creating geometrical models. There are also multi-flow systems for simulation of sports fans in a sports arena, propagation of fire and poison in public spaces. This approach satisfies the requirements of MOE of Russia № 7-3-113.

Migration has a significant impact on the shaping of the demographic structure of the territories population, the state of regional and local labour markets. As a rule, rapid change in the working-age population of any territory due to migration processes results in an imbalance in supply and demand on labour markets and a change in the demographic structure of the population. Migration is also to a large extent a reflection of socio-economic processes taking place in the society. Hence, the issues related to the study of migration factors, the direction, intensity and structure of migration flows, and the prediction of their magnitude are becoming topical issues these days.

Mathematical tools are often used to analyze, predict migration processes and assess their consequences, allowing for essentially accurate modelling of migration processes for different territories on the basis of the available statistical data. In recent years, quite a number of scientific papers on modelling internal and external migration flows using mathematical methods have appeared both in Russia and in foreign countries in recent years. Consequently, there has been a need to systematize the currently most commonly used methods and tools applied in migration modelling to form a coherent picture of the main trends and research directions in this field.

The presented review considers the main approaches to migration modelling and the main components of migration modelling methodology, i. e. stages, methods, models and model classification. Their comparative analysis was also conducted and general recommendations on the choice of mathematical tools for modelling were developed. The review contains two sections: migration modelling methods and migration models. The first section describes the main methods used in the model development process — econometric, cellular automata, system-dynamic, probabilistic, balance, optimization and cluster analysis. Based on the analysis of modern domestic and foreign publications on migration, the most common classes of models — regression, agent-based, simulation, optimization, probabilistic, balance, dynamic and combined — were identified and described. The features, advantages and disadvantages of different types of migration process models were considered.

A simple model based on a kinetic-type equation is proposed to describe the spread of a virus in space through the migration of virus carriers from a certain center. The consideration is carried out on the example of three countries for which such a one-dimensional model is applicable: Russia, Italy and Chile. The geographical location of these countries and their elongation in the direction from the centers of infection (Moscow, Milan and Lombardia in general, as well as Santiago, respectively) makes it possible to use such an approximation. The aim is to determine the dynamic density of the infected in time and space. The model is two-parameter. The first parameter is the value of the average spreading rate associated with the transfer of infected moving by transport vehicles. The second parameter is the frequency of the decrease of the infected as they move through the country, which is associated with the passengers reaching their destination, as well as with quarantine measures. The parameters are determined from the actual known data for the first days of the spatial spread of the epidemic. An analytical solution is being built; simple numerical methods are also used to obtain a series of calculations. The geographical spread of the disease is a factor taken into account in the model, the second important factor is that contact infection in the field is not taken into account. Therefore, the comparison of the calculated values with the actual data in the initial period of infection coincides with the real data, then these data become higher than the model data. Those no less model calculations allow us to make some predictions. In addition to the speed of infection, a similar “speed of recovery” is possible. When such a speed is found for the majority of the country's population, a conclusion is made about the beginning of a global recovery, which coincides with real data.

Nowadays the situation of supply-demand imbalances in the professionals’ labor markets causes human capital losses as far as hampers scientific and innovation development. In Russia, supply-demand imbalances in the engineering labor market are associated with deindustrialization processes and manufacturing decline, resulted in a negative public perception of the engineering profession and high rates of graduates not working within the specialty or changing their occupation.

For analysis of the supply-demand imbalances in the engineering labor market, we elaborated a macroeconomic model. The model consists of 14 blocks, including blocks for demand and supply for engineers and technicians, along with the blocks for macroeconomic indicators as industry and service sector output, capital investment. Using this model, we forecasted the perspective supply-demand imbalances in the engineering labor market in a short-term period and examined the parameters of getting supply-demand balance in the medium-term perspective.

The results obtained show that situation of more balanced supply and demand for engineering labor is possible if there is simultaneous increase in the share of investments in fixed assets of manufacturing and relative wages in industry, besides getting to balance is facilitated by a decrease of the share of graduates not working by specialty. It is worth noting that a decrease in the share of graduates not working by specialty may be affected whether by the growth of relative wages in industry and number of vacancies or by the implementation of measures aimed at improving the working conditions of the engineering workforce and increasing the attractiveness of the profession. To summarize, in the case of the simplest scenario, not considering additional measures of working conditions improvement and increasing the attractiveness of the profession, the conditions of supply-demand balance achievement implies slightly lower growth rates of investment in industry than required in scenarios that involve increasing the share of engineers and technicians working in their specialty after graduation. The latter case, where a gradual decrease in the proportion of those who do not work in engineering specialty is expected, requires, probably, higher investment costs for attracting specialists and creating new jobs, as well as additional measures to strengthen the attractiveness of the engineering profession.

Certifying a transport airplane for the flights under icing conditions in Russia was carried out within the framework of the requirements of Annex С to the AP-25 Aviation Rules. In force since 2023 to replace AP-25 the new Russian certification document “Airworthiness Standards” (NLG-25) proposes the introduction of Appendix O. A feature of Appendix O is the need to carry out calculations in conditions of high liquid water content and with large water drops (500 microns or more). With such parameters of the dispersed flow, such physical processes as the disruption and splashing of a water film when large drops enter it become decisive. The flow of a dispersed medium under such conditions is essentially polydisperse. This paper describes the modifications of the IceVision technique implemented on the basis of the FlowVision software package for the ice accretion calculations within the framework of Appendix O.

The main difference between the IceVision method and the known approaches is the use of the Volume of fluid (VOF) technology to the shape of ice changes tracking. The external flow around the aircraft is calculated simultaneously with the growth of ice and its heating. Ice is explicitly incorporated in the computational domain; the heat transfer equation is solved in it. Unlike the Lagrangian approaches, the Euler computational grid is not completely rebuilt in the IceVision technique: only the cells containing the contact surface are changed.

The IceVision 2.0 version accounts for stripping the film, as well as bouncing and splashing of falling drops at the surfaces of the aircraft and ice. The diameter of secondary droplets is calculated using known empirical correlations. The speed of the water film flow over the surface is determined taking into account the action of aerodynamic forces, gravity, hydrostatic pressure gradient and surface tension force. The result of taking into account surface tension is the effect of contraction of the film, which leads to the formation of water flows in the form of rivulets and ice deposits in the form of comb-like growths. An energy balance relation is fulfilled on the ice surface that takes into account the energy of falling drops, heat exchange between ice and air, the heat of crystallization, evaporation, sublimation and condensation. The paper presents the results of solving benchmark and model problems, demonstrating the effectiveness of the IceVision technique and the reliability of the obtained results.