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Computation of a shock wave structure in a gas mixture based on the Boltzmann equation with accuracy control
Computer Research and Modeling, 2024, v. 16, no. 5, pp. 1107-1123In this paper, the structure of a shock wave in a binary gas mixture is studied on the basis of direct solution of the Boltzmann kinetic equation. The conservative projection method is used to evaluate the collision integral in the kinetic equation. The applied evaluation formulas and numerical methods are described in detail. The model of hard spheres is used as an interaction potential of molecules. Numerical simulation is performed using the developed simulation environment software, which makes it possible to study both steady and non-steady flows of gas mixtures in various flow regimes and for an arbitrary geometry of the problem. Modeling is performed on a cluster architecture. Due to the use of code parallelization technologies, a significant acceleration of computations is achieved. With a fixed accuracy controlled by the simulation parameters, the distributions of macroscopic characteristics of the mixture components through the shock wave front were obtained. Computations were conducted for various ratios of molecular masses and Mach numbers. The total accuracy of at least 1% for the local values of molecular density and temperature and 3% for the shock front width was achieved. The obtained results were compared with existing computation data. The results presented in this paper are of theoretical significance, and can serve as a test computation, since they are obtained using the exact Boltzmann equation.
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Simulation of the initial stage of a two-component rarefied gas mixture outflow through a thin slit into vacuum
Computer Research and Modeling, 2021, v. 13, no. 4, pp. 747-759The paper considers the process of flow formation in an outflow of a binary gas mixture through a thin slit into vacuum. An approach to modeling the flows of rarefied gas mixtures in the transient regime is proposed based on the direct solution of the Boltzmann kinetic equation, in which the conservative projection method is used to calculate the collision integrals. Calculation formulas are provided; the calculation procedure is described in detail in relation to the flow of a binary gas mixture. The Lennard–Jones potential is used as an interaction potential of molecules. A software modeling environment has been developed that makes it possible to study the flows of gas mixtures in a transitional regime on systems of cluster architecture. Due to the use of code parallelization technologies, an acceleration of calculations by 50–100 times was obtained. Numerical simulation of a two-dimensional outflow of a binary argon-neon gas mixture from a vessel into vacuum through a thin slit is carried out for various values of the Knudsen number. The graphs of the dependence of gas mixture components output flow on time in the process of establishing the flow are obtained. Non-stationary regions of strong separation of gas mixture components, in which the molecular densities ratio reaches 10 or more, were discovered. The discovered effect can have applications in the problem of gas mixtures separation.
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