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The work is dedicated to the use of the software package Turbulence Problem Solver (TPS) for numerical simulation of a wide range of laser problems. The capabilities of the package are demonstrated by the example of numerical simulation of the interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with thin metal bonds. The software package TPS developed by the authors is intended for numerical solution of hyperbolic systems of differential equations on multiprocessor computing systems with distributed memory. The package is a modern and expandable software product. The architecture of the package gives the researcher the opportunity to model different physical processes in a uniform way, using different numerical methods and program blocks containing specific initial conditions, boundary conditions and source terms for each problem. The package provides the the opportunity to expand the functionality of the package by adding new classes of problems, computational methods, initial and boundary conditions, as well as equations of state of matter. The numerical methods implemented in the software package were tested on test problems in one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional geometry, which included Riemann's problems on the decay of an arbitrary discontinuity with different configurations of the exact solution.

Thin films on substrates are an important class of targets for nanomodification of surfaces in plasmonics or sensor applications. Many articles are devoted to this subject. Most of them, however, focus on the dynamics of the film itself, paying little attention to the substrate, considering it simply as an object that absorbs the first compression wave and does not affect the surface structures that arise as a result of irradiation. The paper describes in detail a computational experiment on the numerical simulation of the interaction of a single ultrashort laser pulse with a gold film deposited on a thick glass substrate. The uniform rectangular grid and the first-order Godunov numerical method were used. The presented results of calculations allowed to confirm the theory of the shock-wave mechanism of holes formation in the metal under femtosecond laser action for the case of a thin gold film with a thickness of about 50 nm on a thick glass substrate.

The paper discusses the development and application of the accounting rectangular cell fullness method with material substance, in particular, a liquid, to increase the smoothness and accuracy of a finite-difference solution of hydrodynamic problems with a complex shape of the boundary surface. Two problems of computational hydrodynamics are considered to study the possibilities of the proposed difference schemes: the spatial-twodimensional flow of a viscous fluid between two coaxial semi-cylinders and the transfer of substances between coaxial semi-cylinders. Discretization of diffusion and convection operators was performed on the basis of the integro-interpolation method, taking into account taking into account the fullness of cells and without it. It is proposed to use a difference scheme, for solving the problem of diffusion – convection at large grid Peclet numbers, that takes into account the cell population function, and a scheme on the basis of linear combination of the Upwind and Standard Leapfrog difference schemes with weight coefficients obtained by minimizing the approximation error at small Courant numbers. As a reference, an analytical solution describing the Couette – Taylor flow is used to estimate the accuracy of the numerical solution. The relative error of calculations reaches 70% in the case of the direct use of rectangular grids (stepwise approximation of the boundaries), under the same conditions using the proposed method allows to reduce the error to 6%. It is shown that the fragmentation of a rectangular grid by 2–8 times in each of the spatial directions does not lead to the same increase in the accuracy that numerical solutions have, obtained taking into account the fullness of the cells. The proposed difference schemes on the basis of linear combination of the Upwind and Standard Leapfrog difference schemes with weighting factors of 2/3 and 1/3, respectively, obtained by minimizing the order of approximation error, for the diffusion – convection problem have a lower grid viscosity and, as a corollary, more precisely, describe the behavior of the solution in the case of large grid Peclet numbers.

Modification of the lattice Boltzmann method for computation of viscous Newtonian fluid flows is considered. Modified method is based on the splitting of differential operator in Navier–Stokes equation and on the idea of instantaneous Maxwellisation of distribution function. The problems for the system of lattice kinetic equations and for the system of linear diffusion equations are solved while one time step is realized. The efficiency of the method proposed in comparison with the ordinary lattice Boltzmann method is demonstrated on the solution of the problem of planar flow in cavern in wide range of Reynolds number and various grid resolution.

The application of a conservative numerical method of fluxes is examined for studying the vortex structures in the massive, fast-turned compact astrophysical objects, which are in self-gravity conditions. The simulation is accomplished for the objects with different mass and rotational speed. The pictures of the vortex structure of objects are visualized. In the calculations the gas-dynamic model is used, in which gas is accepted perfected and nonviscous. Numerical procedure is based on the finite-difference approximation of the conservation laws of the additive characteristics of medium for the finite volume. The “upwind” approximations of the densities of distribution of mass, components of momentum and total energy are applied. For the simulation of the objects, which possess fast-spin motion, the control of conservation for the component of moment of momentun is carried out during calculation. Evolutionary calculation is carried out on the basis of the parallel algorithms, realized on the computer complex of cluster architecture. Algorithms are based on the standardized system of message transfer Message Passing Interface (MPI). The blocking procedures of exchange and non-blocking procedures of exchange with control of the completion of operation are used. The parallelization on the space in two or three directions is carried out depending on the size of integration area and parameters of computational grid. For each subarea the parallelization based on the physical factors is carried out also: the calculations of gas dynamics part and gravitational forces are realized on the different processors, that allows to raise the efficiency of algorithms. The real possibility of the direct calculation of gravitational forces by means of the summation of interaction between all finite volumes in the integration area is shown. For the finite volume methods this approach seems to more consecutive than the solution of Poisson’s equation for the gravitational potential. Numerical calculations were carried out on the computer complex of cluster architecture with the peak productivity 523 TFlops. In the calculations up to thousand processors was used.

While modeling seismic wave propagation, it is important to take into account nontrivial topography, as this topography causes multiple complex phenomena, such as diffraction at rough surfaces, complex propagation of Rayleigh waves, and side effects caused by wave interference. The primary goal of this research is to construct a method that implements the free surface on topography, utilizing an overset curved grid for characterization, while keeping the main grid structured rectangular. For a combination of the regular and curve-linear grid, the workability of the grid characteristics method using overset grids (also known as the Chimera grid approach) is analyzed. One of the benefits of this approach is computational complexity reduction, caused by the fact that simulation in a regular, homogeneous physical area using a sparse regular rectangle grid is simpler. The simplification of the mesh building mechanism (one grid is regular, and the other can be automatically built using surface data) is a side effect. Despite its simplicity, the method we propose allows us to increase the digitalization of fractured regions and minimize the Courant number. This paper contains various comparisons of modeling results produced by the proposed method-based solver, and results produced by the well-known solver specfem2d, as well as previous modeling results for the same problems. The drawback of the method is that an interpolation error can worsen an overall model accuracy and reduce the computational schema order. Some countermeasures against it are described. For this paper, only two-dimensional models are analyzed. However, the method we propose can be applied to the three-dimensional problems with minimal adaptation required.

The work is devoted to the development of a computational algorithm of the Cartesian grid method for studying the interaction of a shock wave with moving bodies with a piecewise linear boundary. The interest in such problems is connected with direct numerical simulation of two-phase media flows. The effect of the particle shape can be important in the problem of dust layer dispersion behind a passing shock wave. Experimental data on the coefficient of aerodynamic drag of non-spherical particles are practically absent.

Mathematical model is based on the two-dimensional Euler equations, which are solved in a region with varying boundaries. The defining system of equations is integrated using an explicit scheme and the Cartesian grid method. The computational algorithm at the time integration step includes: determining the step value, calculating the dynamics of the body movement (determining the force and moment acting on the body; determining the linear and angular velocities of the body; calculating the new coordinates of the body), calculating the gas parameters. At each time step, all cells are divided into two classes – external (inside the body or intersected by its boundaries) and internal (completely filled with gas). The solution of the Euler equations is constructed only in the internal ones. The main difficulty is the calculation of the numerical flux through the edges common to the internal and external cells intersected by the moving boundaries of the bodies. To calculate this flux, we use a two-wave approximation for solving the Riemann problem and the Steger-Warming scheme. A detailed description of the numerical algorithm is presented.

The efficiency of the algorithm is demonstrated on the problem of lifting a cylinder with a base in the form of a circle, ellipse and rectangle behind a passing shock wave. A circular cylinder test was considered in many papers devoted to the immersed boundary methods development. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the trajectory of the cylinder center mass is carried out on the basis of comparison with the results of simulations presented in eight other works. For a cylinder with a base in the form of an ellipse and a rectangle, a satisfactory agreement was obtained on the dynamics of its movement and rotation in comparison with the available few literary sources. Grid convergence of the results is investigated for the rectangle. It is shown that the relative error of mass conservation law fulfillment decreases with a linear rate.

The article presents the results of a numerical study of the flow structure in a two-dimensional flat diffuser. A feature of diffusers is that they have a complex anisotropic turbulent flow, which occurs due to recirculation flows. The turbulent RANS models, which are based on the Boussinesq hypothesis, are not able to describe the flow in diffusers with sufficient accuracy. Because the Boussinesq hypothesis is based on isotropic turbulence. Therefore, to calculate anisotropic turbulent flows, models are used that do not use this hypothesis. One of such directions in turbulence modeling is the methods of Reynolds stresses. These methods are complex and require rather large computational resources. In this work, a relatively recently developed two-fluid turbulence model was used to study the flow in a flat diffuser. This model is developed on the basis of a two-fluid approach to the problem of turbulence. In contrast to the Reynolds approach, the two-fluid approach allows one to obtain a closed system of turbulence equations using the dynamics of two fluids. Consequently, if empirical equations are used in RANS models for closure, then in the two-fluid model the equations used are exact equations of dynamics. One of the main advantages of the two-fluid model is that it is capable of describing complex anisotropic turbulent flows. In this work, the obtained numerical results for the profiles of the longitudinal velocity, turbulent stresses in various sections of the channel, as well as the friction coefficient are compared with the known experimental data. To demonstrate the advantages of the used turbulence model, the numerical results of the Reynolds stress method EARSM are also presented. For the numerical implementation of the systems of equations of the two-fluid model, a non-stationary system of equations was used, the solution of which asymptotically approached the stationary solution. For this purpose, a finite-difference scheme was used, where the viscosity terms were approximated by the central difference implicitly, and for the convective terms, an explicit scheme against the flow of the second order of accuracy was used. The results are obtained for the Reynolds number Re = 20 000. It is shown that the two-fluid model, despite the use of a uniform computational grid without thickening near the walls, is capable of giving a more accurate solution than the rather complex Reynolds stress method with a high resolution of computational grids.

Nowadays, active development of 4th generation nuclear reactors with liquid metal coolants takes place. Therefore, simulation of their elements and units in 3D modelling software are relevant. The thermal-hydraulic analysis of reactor units with liquid metal coolant is recognized as one of the most important directions of the complex of interconnected tasks on reactor unit parameters justification. The complexity of getting necessary information about operating conditions of reactor equipment with liquid-metal coolant on the base of experimental investigations requires the involvement of numerical simulation. The domestic CFD code FlowVision has been used as a research tool. FlowVision software has a certificate of the Scientific and Engineering Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Safety for the nuclear reactor safety simulations. Previously it has been proved that this simulation code had been successfully used for modelling processes in nuclear reactors with sodium coolant. Since at the moment the nuclear industry considers plants with lead-bismuth coolant as promising reactors, it is necessary to justify the FlowVision code suitability also for modeling the flow of such coolant, which is the goal of this work. The paper presents the results of lead-bismuth eutectic flow numerical simulation in the heat exchange tube bundle of NPP steam generator. The convergence studies on a grid and step have been carried out, turbulence model has been selected, hydraulic resistance coefficients of lattices have been determined and simulations with and without $k_\theta^{}$-$e_\theta^{}$ model are compared within the framework of fluid dynamics and heat exchange modeling in the heat-exchange tube bundle. According to the results of the study, it was found that the results of the calculation using the $k_\theta^{}$-$e_\theta^{}$ turbulence model are more precisely consistent with the correlations. A cross-verification with STAR-CCM+ software has been performed as an additional verification on the accuracy of the results, the results obtained are within the error limits of the correlations used for comparison.

The article contains results of 3D modeling of seismic responses from fractured geological formations with use of grid-characteristic method on unstructured tetrahedral meshes with use of high-performance computation systems. The method being used is the most suitable for modeling of heterogenic domains exploration seismology problems. The use of unstructured tetrahedral meshes allows modeling of different geometry and space orientation fractures. That gives us possibility to solve the problems in the most real set.

The article contains the description of developed mathematical models of fractures which can be used for numerical solution of exploration seismology problems with use of grid-characteristic method on unstructured triangular and tetrahedral meshes. The base of developed models is the concept of infinitely thin fracture. This fracture is represented by contact boundary. Such approach significantly reduces the consumption of computer resources by the absence of the mesh definition inside of fracture necessity. By the other side it lets state the fracture discretely in integration domain, therefore one can observe qualitative new effects which are not available to observe by use of effective models of fractures, actively used in computational seismic.

The main target in the development of models have been getting the most accurate result. Developed models thet can receive the response close to the actual response of the existing fracture in geological environment. We considered fluid-filled fractures, glued and partially glued fractures, and also fractures with dynamical friction force. Fracture behavior determinated by the nature of condition on the border.

Empty fracture was represented as free boundary condition. This condition give us opportunity for total reflection of wave fronts from fracture. Fluid-filling provided the condition for sliding on the border. Under this condition, there was a passage of longitudinal and total reflection of converted waves. For the real fractures, which has unequal distance between the borders has been proposed the model of partially glued fracture. At different points of the fracture's boundary were sat different conditions. Almost the same effect is achieved by using a fracture model of dynamic friction condition. But its disadvantage is the inabillity to specify the proportion of fracture's glued area due to the friction factor can take values from zero to infinity. The model of partially glued fracture is devoid of this disadvantage.