All issues

We consider the two-dimensional mathematical model of wildfire. Numerical solution algorithm based on the method of large particles was developed for this model.

In this paper the problem of searching for the design of the magnetic system for creation a magnetic field with the required characteristics in the given area is solved. On the basis of analysis of the mathematical model of the magnetic system rather a general approach is proposed to the solving of the inverse problem, which is written by the Fredgolm equation H(z) = ∫_SIJ(s)G(z, s)ds, z ∈ S _H, s ∈ S _I . It was necessary to define the current density distribution function J(s) and the existing winding geometry for creation of a required magnetic field H(z). In the paper a method of solving those by means of regularized iterative processes is proposed. On the base of the concrete magnetic system we perform the numerical study of influence of different factors on the character of the magnetic field being designed.

Mathematical simulation on unsteady natural convection in a closed porous cylindrical cavity having finite thickness heat-conducting solid walls in conditions of convective heat exchange with an environment has been carried out. A boundary-value problem of mathematical physics formulated in dimensionless variables such as stream function and temperature on the basis of Darcy–Boussinesq model has been solved by finite difference method. Effect of a porous medium permeability 10^–5≤Da<∞, ratio between a solid wall thickness and the inner radius of a cylinder 0.1≤h/L≤0.3, a thermal conductivity ratio 1≤λ_1,2≤20 and a dimensionless time on both local distributions of isolines and isotherms and integral complexes reflecting an intensity of convective flow and heat transfer has been analyzed in detail.

Modification of the invariant imbedding method to describe the interaction of 3D electromagnetic field with “woodpile” photonic crystal of finite thickness is considered in this paper. This modification allows solving a problem of evanescent modes resonant amplification during numerical calculations for the first layer of photonic crystal. The mathematical model created in this work gives good agreement with physical experiment results.

Based on CFD computations we provide the analysis of the possibilities for using modern hybrid distributed computational environments for large complex system simulation. We argue that only multilevel approach supported by new mathematical models of transport properties, dynamical representation of the problem with transport and internal processes separated, and modern paradigm of programming, taking into account specific properties of heterogeneous system, will make it possible to scale the problem effectively.

This article is dedicated to applicability justification as well as advantages and disadvantages analysis of discrete models in population dynamics. Discretization is the process of transferring continuous functions, models, and equations into discrete counterparts. We consider how temporal, spatial and structural discretization can be applied for solving typical issues in mathematical ecology, and try to estimate corresponding models adequacy and applicability limitations.

The currently performed mathematical and computer modeling of thermal processes in technical systems is based on an assumption that all the parameters determining thermal processes are fully and unambiguously known and identified (i.e., determined). Meanwhile, experience has shown that parameters determining the thermal processes are of undefined interval-stochastic character, which in turn is responsible for the intervalstochastic nature of thermal processes in the electronic system. This means that the actual temperature values of each element in an technical system will be randomly distributed within their variation intervals. Therefore, the determinative approach to modeling of thermal processes that yields specific values of element temperatures does not allow one to adequately calculate temperature distribution in electronic systems. The interval-stochastic nature of the parameters determining the thermal processes depends on three groups of factors: (a) statistical technological variation of parameters of the elements when manufacturing and assembling the system; (b) the random nature of the factors caused by functioning of an technical system (fluctuations in current and voltage; power, temperatures, and flow rates of the cooling fluid and the medium inside the system); and (c) the randomness of ambient parameters (temperature, pressure, and flow rate). The interval-stochastic indeterminacy of the determinative factors in technical systems is irremediable; neglecting it causes errors when designing electronic systems. A method that allows modeling of unsteady interval-stochastic thermal processes in technical systems (including those upon interval indeterminacy of the determinative parameters) is developed in this paper. The method is based on obtaining and further solving equations for the unsteady statistical measures (mathematical expectations, variances and covariances) of the temperature distribution in an technical system at given variation intervals and the statistical measures of the determinative parameters. Application of the elaborated method to modeling of the interval-stochastic thermal process in a particular electronic system is considered.

We consider a mathematical model describing the competition for a heterogeneous resource of two populations on a one-dimensional area. Distribution of populations is governed by diffusion and directed migration, species growth obeys to the logistic law. We study the corresponding problem of nonlinear parabolic equations with variable coefficients (function of a resource, parameters of growth, diffusion and migration). Approach on the theory the cosymmetric dynamic systems of V. Yudovich is applied to the analysis of population patterns. Conditions on parameters for which the problem under investigation has nontrivial cosymmetry are analytically derived. Numerical experiment is used to find an emergence of continuous family of steady states when cosymmetry takes place. The numerical scheme is based on the finite-difference discretization in space using the balance method and integration on time by Runge-Kutta method. Impact of diffusive and migration parameters on scenarios of distribution of populations is studied. In the vicinity of the line, corresponding to cosymmetry, neutral curves for diffusive parameters are calculated. We present the mappings with areas of diffusive parameters which correspond to scenarios of coexistence and extinction of species. For a number of migration parameters and resource functions with one and two maxima the analysis of possible scenarios is carried out. Particularly, we found the areas of parameters for which the survival of each specie is determined by initial conditions. It should be noted that dynamics may be nontrivial: after starting decrease in densities of both species the growth of only one population takes place whenever another specie decreases. The analysis has shown that areas of the diffusive parameters corresponding to various scenarios of population patterns are grouped near the cosymmetry lines. The derived mappings allow to explain, in particular, effect of a survival of population due to increasing of diffusive mobility in case of starvation.

The article focuses on a nonlinear mathematical model that describes the interaction of the different age groups of the employed population. The interactions are treated by analogy with population relationship (competition, discrimination, assistance, oppression, etc). Under interaction of peoples we mean the generalized social and economic mechanisms that cause related changes in the number of employees of different age groups. Three age groups of the employed population are considered. It is young specialists (15–29 years), workers with experience (30–49 years), the employees of pre-retirement and retirement age (50 and older). The estimation of model’s parameters for the southern regions of the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) is executed by statistical data. Analysis of model scenarios allows us to conclude the observed number fluctuations of the different ages employees on the background of a stable total employed population may be a consequence of complex interactions between these groups of peoples. Computational experiments with the obtained values of the parameters allowed us to calculate the rate of decline and the aging of the working population and to determine the nature of the interaction between the age groups of employees that are not directly as reflected in the statistics. It was found that in FEFD the employed of 50 years and older are discriminated against by the young workers under 29, employed up to 29 and 30–49 years are in a partnership. It is shown in most developed regions (Primorsky and Khabarovsk Krai) there is “uniform” competition among different age groups of the employed population. For Primorsky Krai we were able to identify the mixing effect dynamics. It is a typical situation for systems in a state of structural adjustment. This effect is reflected in the fact the long cycles of employed population form with a significant decrease in migration inflows of employees 30–49 years. Besides, the change of migration is accompanied by a change of interaction type — from employment discrimination by the oldest of middle generation to discrimination by the middle of older generation. In less developed regions (Amur, Magadan and Jewish Autonomous Regions) there are lower values of migration balance of almost all age groups and discrimination by young workers up 29 years of other age groups and employment discrimination 30–49 years of the older generation.

The article contains the description of developed mathematical models of fractures which can be used for numerical solution of exploration seismology problems with use of grid-characteristic method on unstructured triangular and tetrahedral meshes. The base of developed models is the concept of infinitely thin fracture. This fracture is represented by contact boundary. Such approach significantly reduces the consumption of computer resources by the absence of the mesh definition inside of fracture necessity. By the other side it lets state the fracture discretely in integration domain, therefore one can observe qualitative new effects which are not available to observe by use of effective models of fractures, actively used in computational seismic.

The main target in the development of models have been getting the most accurate result. Developed models thet can receive the response close to the actual response of the existing fracture in geological environment. We considered fluid-filled fractures, glued and partially glued fractures, and also fractures with dynamical friction force. Fracture behavior determinated by the nature of condition on the border.

Empty fracture was represented as free boundary condition. This condition give us opportunity for total reflection of wave fronts from fracture. Fluid-filling provided the condition for sliding on the border. Under this condition, there was a passage of longitudinal and total reflection of converted waves. For the real fractures, which has unequal distance between the borders has been proposed the model of partially glued fracture. At different points of the fracture's boundary were sat different conditions. Almost the same effect is achieved by using a fracture model of dynamic friction condition. But its disadvantage is the inabillity to specify the proportion of fracture's glued area due to the friction factor can take values from zero to infinity. The model of partially glued fracture is devoid of this disadvantage.