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A nonlinear oscillatory system described by ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients is considered, in which terms that are linearly dependent on coordinates, velocities and accelerations are explicitly distinguished; nonlinear terms are written as implicit functions of these variables. For the numerical solution of the initial problem described by such a system of differential equations, the one-step Galerkin method is used. At the integration step, unknown functions are represented as a sum of linear functions satisfying the initial conditions and several given correction functions in the form of polynomials of the second and higher degrees with unknown coefficients. The differential equations at the step are satisfied approximately by the Galerkin method on a system of corrective functions. Algebraic equations with nonlinear terms are obtained, which are solved by iteration at each step. From the solution at the end of each step, the initial conditions for the next step are determined.

The corrective functions are taken the same for all steps. In general, 4 or 5 correction functions are used for calculations over long time intervals: in the first set — basic power functions from the 2nd to the 4th or 5th degrees; in the second set — orthogonal power polynomials formed from basic functions; in the third set — special linear-independent polynomials with finite conditions that simplify the “docking” of solutions in the following steps.

Using two examples of calculating nonlinear oscillations of systems with one and two degrees of freedom, numerical studies of the accuracy of the numerical solution of initial problems at various time intervals using the Galerkin method using the specified sets of power-law correction functions are performed. The results obtained by the Galerkin method and the Adams and Runge –Kutta methods of the fourth order are compared. It is shown that the Galerkin method can obtain reliable results at significantly longer time intervals than the Adams and Runge – Kutta methods.

The question on improvement of quality of images obtained in a tomography problem is considered. The problem consists in finding of boundaries of inhomogeneities (inclusions) in a continuous medium by results of X-ray radiography of this medium. A nonlinear integral transformation of a special kind is proposed which allows to improve quality of images obtained earlier at a set of papers. The method is realized numerically by the use of computer modelling. Some calculations are carried out with use of data for concrete materials. The results obtained are presented by drawings and graphic images.

The article discusses the model of the anthropomorphic type of mechanism of the exoskeleton with links of variable length. Four models of parts of variable length are considered comprehensively: the model link of the exoskeleton of variable length with a resilient member and a rigid strong core; the model of the telescopic link; the model link with the masses in the hinge-joint between them; the link model with an arbitrary number of masses. The differential equations of motion in the form of Lagrange equations of the second kind are made. On the basis of analysis of differential equations of motion for multi-link rod of a mechanical system type, exoskeleton revealed their structure, which allowed us to represent them in vector-matrix form. The General pattern of building matrices are established for the first time and the generalization of the expressions for elements of matrices in two-dimensional case are obtained. New recursive and matrix methods of composing of differential equations of motion are given. A unified approach to constructing differential equations of motion of the exoskeleton based on the developed recursive and matrix methods write differential equations of motion of the proposed exoskeleton. Comparison of the time of writing the differential equations of motion proposed methods, in comparison with the Lagrange equations of the second kind, in the system of computer mathematics Mathematica conducted. An analytical study of the model of the exoskeleton carried out. It was found that for mechanisms with n movable links of the Cauchy problem for systems of differential equations of motion for any initial conditions there is no single and unlimited continue. Control of the exoskeleton is accomplished using the torques which are located in the hinge-joints in the joints of the links and simulating control actions. Numerical investigation of a model of the exoskeleton is made, a comparison of results of calculations for exoskeletons with various models of units is held. A numerical study of the empirical evidence about the man and his movements is used. It is established that the choice structure of the exoskeleton model with lumped masses is more preferable to a model with perfectly rigid strong core. As an exoskeleton, providing comfortable movement of people, and you should repeat the properties of the musculoskeletal system.

The application of a conservative numerical method of fluxes is examined for studying the vortex structures in the massive, fast-turned compact astrophysical objects, which are in self-gravity conditions. The simulation is accomplished for the objects with different mass and rotational speed. The pictures of the vortex structure of objects are visualized. In the calculations the gas-dynamic model is used, in which gas is accepted perfected and nonviscous. Numerical procedure is based on the finite-difference approximation of the conservation laws of the additive characteristics of medium for the finite volume. The “upwind” approximations of the densities of distribution of mass, components of momentum and total energy are applied. For the simulation of the objects, which possess fast-spin motion, the control of conservation for the component of moment of momentun is carried out during calculation. Evolutionary calculation is carried out on the basis of the parallel algorithms, realized on the computer complex of cluster architecture. Algorithms are based on the standardized system of message transfer Message Passing Interface (MPI). The blocking procedures of exchange and non-blocking procedures of exchange with control of the completion of operation are used. The parallelization on the space in two or three directions is carried out depending on the size of integration area and parameters of computational grid. For each subarea the parallelization based on the physical factors is carried out also: the calculations of gas dynamics part and gravitational forces are realized on the different processors, that allows to raise the efficiency of algorithms. The real possibility of the direct calculation of gravitational forces by means of the summation of interaction between all finite volumes in the integration area is shown. For the finite volume methods this approach seems to more consecutive than the solution of Poisson’s equation for the gravitational potential. Numerical calculations were carried out on the computer complex of cluster architecture with the peak productivity 523 TFlops. In the calculations up to thousand processors was used.

The propagation of stable coherent entities of an electromagnetic field in nonlinear media with parameters varying in space can be described in the framework of iterations of nonlinear integral transformations. It is shown that for a set of geometries relevant to typical problems of nonlinear optics, numerical modeling by reducing to dynamical systems with discrete time and continuous spatial variables to iterates of local nonlinear Feigenbaum and Ikeda mappings and nonlocal diffusion-dispersion linear integral transforms is equivalent to partial differential equations of the Ginzburg–Landau type in a fairly wide range of parameters. Such nonlocal mappings, which are the products of matrix operators in the numerical implementation, turn out to be stable numerical- difference schemes, provide fast convergence and an adequate approximation of solutions. The realism of this approach allows one to take into account the effect of noise on nonlinear dynamics by superimposing a spatial noise specified in the form of a multimode random process at each iteration and selecting the stable wave configurations. The nonlinear wave formations described by this method include optical phase singularities, spatial solitons, and turbulent states with fast decay of correlations. The particular interest is in the periodic configurations of the electromagnetic field obtained by this numerical method that arise as a result of phase synchronization, such as optical lattices and self-organized vortex clusters.

The work is devoted to the development of a computational algorithm of the Cartesian grid method for studying the interaction of a shock wave with moving bodies with a piecewise linear boundary. The interest in such problems is connected with direct numerical simulation of two-phase media flows. The effect of the particle shape can be important in the problem of dust layer dispersion behind a passing shock wave. Experimental data on the coefficient of aerodynamic drag of non-spherical particles are practically absent.

Mathematical model is based on the two-dimensional Euler equations, which are solved in a region with varying boundaries. The defining system of equations is integrated using an explicit scheme and the Cartesian grid method. The computational algorithm at the time integration step includes: determining the step value, calculating the dynamics of the body movement (determining the force and moment acting on the body; determining the linear and angular velocities of the body; calculating the new coordinates of the body), calculating the gas parameters. At each time step, all cells are divided into two classes – external (inside the body or intersected by its boundaries) and internal (completely filled with gas). The solution of the Euler equations is constructed only in the internal ones. The main difficulty is the calculation of the numerical flux through the edges common to the internal and external cells intersected by the moving boundaries of the bodies. To calculate this flux, we use a two-wave approximation for solving the Riemann problem and the Steger-Warming scheme. A detailed description of the numerical algorithm is presented.

The efficiency of the algorithm is demonstrated on the problem of lifting a cylinder with a base in the form of a circle, ellipse and rectangle behind a passing shock wave. A circular cylinder test was considered in many papers devoted to the immersed boundary methods development. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the trajectory of the cylinder center mass is carried out on the basis of comparison with the results of simulations presented in eight other works. For a cylinder with a base in the form of an ellipse and a rectangle, a satisfactory agreement was obtained on the dynamics of its movement and rotation in comparison with the available few literary sources. Grid convergence of the results is investigated for the rectangle. It is shown that the relative error of mass conservation law fulfillment decreases with a linear rate.

The article presented the computational algorithm developed to study chemical processes in the internal flows of a multicomponent gas under the influence of laser radiation. The mathematical model is the gas dynamics’ equations with chemical reactions at low Mach numbers. It takes into account dissipative terms that describe the dynamics of a viscous heat-conducting medium with diffusion, chemical reactions and energy supply by laser radiation. This mathematical model is characterized by the presence of several very different time and spatial scales. The computational algorithm is based on a splitting scheme by physical processes. Each time integration step is divided into the following blocks: solving the equations of chemical kinetics, solving the equation for the radiation intensity, solving the convection-diffusion equations, calculating the dynamic component of pressure and calculating the correction of the velocity vector. The solution of a stiff system of chemical kinetics equations is carried out using a specialized explicit second-order accuracy scheme or a plug-in RADAU5 module. Numerical Rusanov flows and a WENO scheme of an increased order of approximation are used to find convective terms in the equations. The code based on the obtained algorithm has been developed using MPI parallel computing technology. The developed code is used to calculate the pyrolysis of ethane with radical reactions. The superequilibrium concentrations’ formation of radicals in the reactor volume is studied in detail. Numerical simulation of the reaction gas flow in a flat tube with laser radiation supply is carried out, which is in demand for the interpretation of experimental results. It is shown that laser radiation significantly increases the conversion of ethane and yields of target products at short lengths closer to the entrance to the reaction zone. Reducing the effective length of the reaction zone allows us to offer new solutions in the design of ethane conversion reactors into valuable hydrocarbons. The developed algorithm and program will find their application in the creation of new technologies of laser thermochemistry.

In this paper, we present new parallel algorithms for finite element analysis implemented in the FEStudio software framework. We describe the programming model of finite element method, which supports parallelism on different stages of numerical simulations. Using this model, we develop parallel algorithms of numerical integration for dynamic problems and local stiffness matrices. For constructing and solving the systems of equations, we use the CUDA programming platform.

We consider a mathematical model describing the competition for a heterogeneous resource of two populations on a one-dimensional area. Distribution of populations is governed by diffusion and directed migration, species growth obeys to the logistic law. We study the corresponding problem of nonlinear parabolic equations with variable coefficients (function of a resource, parameters of growth, diffusion and migration). Approach on the theory the cosymmetric dynamic systems of V. Yudovich is applied to the analysis of population patterns. Conditions on parameters for which the problem under investigation has nontrivial cosymmetry are analytically derived. Numerical experiment is used to find an emergence of continuous family of steady states when cosymmetry takes place. The numerical scheme is based on the finite-difference discretization in space using the balance method and integration on time by Runge-Kutta method. Impact of diffusive and migration parameters on scenarios of distribution of populations is studied. In the vicinity of the line, corresponding to cosymmetry, neutral curves for diffusive parameters are calculated. We present the mappings with areas of diffusive parameters which correspond to scenarios of coexistence and extinction of species. For a number of migration parameters and resource functions with one and two maxima the analysis of possible scenarios is carried out. Particularly, we found the areas of parameters for which the survival of each specie is determined by initial conditions. It should be noted that dynamics may be nontrivial: after starting decrease in densities of both species the growth of only one population takes place whenever another specie decreases. The analysis has shown that areas of the diffusive parameters corresponding to various scenarios of population patterns are grouped near the cosymmetry lines. The derived mappings allow to explain, in particular, effect of a survival of population due to increasing of diffusive mobility in case of starvation.

The purpose of this work is to develop a universal computer program (solver) which solves kinetic Boltzmann equation for simulations of rarefied gas flows in complexly shaped devices. The structure of the solver is described in details. Its efficiency is demonstrated on an example of calculations of a modern many tubes Knudsen pump. The kinetic Boltzmann equation is solved by finite-difference method on discrete grid in spatial and velocity spaces. The differential advection operator is approximated by finite difference method. The calculation of the collision integral is based on the conservative projection method.

In the developed computational program the unstructured spatial mesh is generated using GMSH and may include prisms, tetrahedrons, hexahedrons and pyramids. The mesh is denser in areas of flow with large gradients of gas parameters. A three-dimensional velocity grid consists of cubic cells of equal volume.

A huge amount of calculations requires effective parallelization of the algorithm which is implemented in the program with the use of Message Passing Interface (MPI) technology. An information transfer from one node to another is implemented as a kind of boundary condition. As a result, every MPI node contains the information about only its part of the grid.

The main result of the work is presented in the graph of pressure difference in 2 reservoirs connected by a multitube Knudsen pump from Knudsen number. This characteristic of the Knudsen pump obtained by numerical methods shows the quality of the pump. Distributions of pressure, temperature and gas concentration in a steady state inside the pump and the reservoirs are presented as well.

The correctness of the solver is checked using two special test solutions of more simple boundary problems — test with temperature distribution between 2 planes with different temperatures and test with conservation of total gas mass.

The correctness of the obtained data for multitube Knudsen pump is checked using denser spatial and velocity grids, using more collisions in collision integral per time step.