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431. Kholodov Y.A., Alekseenko A.E., Kholodov A.S., Vasilev M.O., Mishin V.D.
     Development, calibration and verification of mathematical model for multilane urban road traffic flow. Part II
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2015, v. 7, no. 6, pp. 1205-1219

     The goal of this work is to generalize second order mathematical models for automotive flow using algorithm for building state equation — the dependency of pressure on traffic density — which is adequate with regard to real world data. The form of state equation, which closes the system of model equations, is obtained from experimental form of fundamental diagram — the dependency of traffic flow intensity on its density, and completely defines all properties of any phenomenological model. The proposed approach was verified using numerical experiments on typical traffic data, obtained from PeMS system (http://pems.dot.ca.gov/), using segment of I-507 highway in California, USA as model system.

     Keywords: automotive flow, traffic flow, macroscopic hydrodynamic models, state equation, phenomenological models.
     Views (last year): 3.
432. Grinevich A.A., Ryasik A.A., Yakushevich L.V.
     Motion of DNA open states influenced by random force
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2015, v. 7, no. 6, pp. 1295-1307

     It is known that in the native state the DNA molecule always contains some amount of locally unwound regions, often called the open states of DNA. It is believed that these states play an important role in DNA-protein recognition and that the study of the open states dynamics may shed further light on the mechanisms of regulation of transcription and replication. In this paper we consider the effect of the thermostat on the movement of the open states in the artificial sequence consisting of four homogeneous regions. We construct the energetic profile of the sequence and investigate the trajectories of the movement of the open states under the action of a random force.

     Keywords: DNA open states, solitons, random force.
     Views (last year): 3.
433. Shumov V.V.
     Reconstruction of the security of the Roman Empire
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2016, v. 8, no. 1, pp. 169-200

     The paper considers the model of national security, which reflects the dichotomy of values development and conservation, to evaluate its options on the example of Russia (USSR), the United States, Germany and Ukraine. The calculations to assess the safety of the Roman Empire. It is shown that in 160 AD the conservation value of the function has reached a critically low values, which served as the impetus for modernization and reform.

     Keywords: national security, the mathematical model, the function of conservation, the Roman Empire.
     Views (last year): 3.
434. Soukhovolsky V.G., Kovalev A.V., Palnikova E.N., Tarasova O.V.
     Modelling the risk of insect impacts on forest stands after possible climate changes
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2016, v. 8, no. 2, pp. 241-253

     A model of forest insect population dynamics used to simulate of “forest-insect” interactions and for estimation of possible damages of forest stand by pests. This model represented a population as control system where the input variables characterized the influence of modifier (climatic) factors and the feedback loop describes the effect of regulatory factors (parasites, predators and population interactions). The technique of stress testing on the basis of population dynamics model proposed for assessment of the risks of forest stand damage and destruction after insect impact. The dangerous forest pest pine looper Bupalus piniarius L. considered as the object of analysis. Computer experiments were conducted to assess of outbreak risks with possible climate change in the territory of Central Siberia. Model experiments have shown that risk of insect impact on the forest is not increased significantly in condition of sufficiently moderate warming (not more than 4 °C in summer period). However, a stronger warming in the territory of Central Siberia, combined with a dry summer condition could cause a significant increase in the risk of pine looper outbreaks.

     Keywords: forest insect, population dynamics, models, modified factors, climate, stands, impact, risks, stresstesting.
     Views (last year): 3. Citations: 1 (RSCI).
435. Grabarnik P.Ya.
     Parameter estimation methods for random point fields with local interactions
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2016, v. 8, no. 2, pp. 323-332

     The paper gives an overview of methods for estimating the parameters of random point fields with local interaction between points. It is shown that the conventional method of the maximum pseudo-likelihood is a special case of the family of estimation methods based on the use of the auxiliary Markov process, invariant measure of which is the Gibbs point field with parameters to be estimated. A generalization of this method, resulting in estimating equation that can not be obtained by the the universal Takacs–Fiksel method, is proposed. It is shown by computer simulations that the new method enables to obtain estimates which have better quality than those by a widely used method of the maximum pseudolikelihood.

     Keywords: Gibbs point process, estimating function, pseudo-likelihood, parametric inference.
     Views (last year): 3.
436. Levashova N.T., Muhartova Ju.V., Olchev A.V.
     Three-dimensional modelling of turbulent transfer in the atmospheric surface layer using the theory of contrast structures
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2016, v. 8, no. 2, pp. 355-367

     A three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic model to describe the spatial patterns of wind and turbulence characteristics in the atmospheric surface layer over inhomogeneous vegetation cover is presented. To describe the interaction of air flow with vegetation the theory of contrast structures is used. The numerical experiments provided by a developed model to assess the impact of small clear-cutting on wind and turbulent regime in the atmospheric surface layer showed a significant influence of heterogeneous vegetation on the wind field and the turbulent exchange processes between the land surface and the atmosphere. Obtained results give a reasonable agreement with field experimental data and results of numerical experiments provided using alternative models.

     Keywords: 3D hydrodynamic model, turbulent exchange, contrast structure, clear-cut area, atmospheric surface layer.
     Views (last year): 3. Citations: 1 (RSCI).
437. Memory A. P. Levich
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2016, v. 8, no. 3, pp. 427-431
     Views (last year): 3.
438. Gubanov S.M., Durnovtsev M.I., Kartavih A.A., Krainov A.Y.
     Numerical simulation of air cooling the tank to desublimate components of the gas mixture
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2016, v. 8, no. 3, pp. 521-529

     For the production of purified final product in chemical engineering used the process of desublimation. For this purpose, the tank is cooled by liquid nitrogen or cold air. The mixture of gases flows inside the tank and is cooled to the condensation or desublimation temperature some components of the gas mixture. The condensed components are deposited on the walls of the tank. The article presents a mathematical model to calculate the cooling air tanks for desublimation of vapours. A mathematical model based on equations of gas dynamics and describes the movement of cooled air in the duct and the heat exchanger with heat exchange and friction. The heat of the phase transition is taken into account in the boundary condition for the heat equation by setting the heat flux. Heat transfer in the walls of the pipe and in the tank wall is described by the nonstationary heat conduction equations. The solution of the system of equations is carried out numerically. The equations of gas dynamics are solved by the method of S. K. Godunov. The heat equation are solved by an implicit finite difference scheme. The article presents the results of calculations of the cooling of two successively installed tanks. The initial temperature of the tanks is equal to 298 K. Cold air flows through the tubing, through the heat exchanger of the first tank, then through conduit to the heat exchanger second tank. During the 20 minutes of tank cool down to operating temperature. The temperature of the walls of the tanks differs from the air temperature not more than 1 degree. The flow of cooling air allows to maintain constant temperature of the walls of the tank in the process of desublimation components from a gas mixture. The results of analytical evaluation of the time of cooling tank and temperature difference between the tank walls and air with the vapor desublimation. Analytical assessment is based on determining the time of heat relaxation temperature of the tank walls. The results of evaluations are satisfactorily coincide with the results of calculations by the present model. The proposed approach allows calculating the cooling tanks with a flow of cold air supplied via the pipeline system.

     Keywords: the receiving tank, cooling, desublimation, mathematical modeling.
     Views (last year): 3. Citations: 1 (RSCI).
439. Kosykh N.E., Sviridov N.M., Savin S.Z., Potapova T.P.
     Computer aided analysis of medical image recognition for example of scintigraphy
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2016, v. 8, no. 3, pp. 541-548

     The practical application of nuclear medicine demonstrates the continued information deficiency of the algorithms and programs that provide visualization and analysis of medical images. The aim of the study was to determine the principles of optimizing the processing of planar osteostsintigraphy on the basis of сomputer aided diagnosis (CAD) for analysis of texture descriptions of images of metastatic zones on planar scintigrams of skeleton. A computer-aided diagnosis system for analysis of skeletal metastases based on planar scintigraphy data has been developed. This system includes skeleton image segmentation, calculation of textural, histogram and morphometrical parameters and the creation of a training set. For study of metastatic images’ textural characteristics on planar scintigrams of skeleton was developed the computer program of automatic analysis of skeletal metastases is used from data of planar scintigraphy. Also expert evaluation was used to distinguishing ‘pathological’ (metastatic) from ‘physiological’ (non-metastatic) radiopharmaceutical hyperfixation zones in which Haralick’s textural features were determined: autocorrelation, contrast, ‘forth moment’ and heterogeneity. This program was established on the principles of сomputer aided diagnosis researches planar scintigrams of skeletal patients with metastatic breast cancer hearths hyperfixation of radiopharmaceuticals were identified. Calculated parameters were made such as brightness, smoothness, the third moment of brightness, brightness uniformity, entropy brightness. It has been established that in most areas of the skeleton of histogram values of parameters in pathologic hyperfixation of radiopharmaceuticals predominate over the same values in the physiological. Most often pathological hyperfixation of radiopharmaceuticals as the front and rear fixed scintigramms prevalence of brightness and smoothness of the image brightness in comparison with those of the physiological hyperfixation of radiopharmaceuticals. Separate figures histogram analysis can be used in specifying the diagnosis of metastases in the mathematical modeling and interpretation bone scintigraphy. Separate figures histogram analysis can be used in specifying the diagnosis of metastases in the mathematical modeling and interpretation bone scintigraphy.

     Keywords: Computer-Aided Diagnostic (CAD-analysis), pattern recognition, planar scintigramms, hyperfixation, radiopharmaceuticals, histogramm, image brightness.
     Views (last year): 3. Citations: 3 (RSCI).
440. Davydov D.V., Shapoval A.B., Yamilov A.I.
     Languages in China provinces: quantitative estimation with incomplete data
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2016, v. 8, no. 4, pp. 707-716

     This paper formulates and solves a practical problem of data recovery regarding the distribution of languages on regional level in context of China. The necessity of this recovery is related to the problem of the determination of the linguistic diversity indices, which, in turn, are used to analyze empirically and to predict sources of social and economic development as well as to indicate potential conflicts at regional level. We use Ethnologue database and China census as the initial data sources. For every language spoken in China, the data contains (a) an estimate of China residents who claim this language to be their mother tongue, and (b) indicators of the presence of such residents in China provinces. For each pair language/province, we aim to estimate the number of the province inhabitants that claim the language to be their mother tongue. This base problem is reduced to solving an undetermined system of algebraic equations. Given additional restriction that Ethnologue database introduces data collected at different time moments because of gaps in Ethnologue language surveys and accompanying data collection expenses, we relate those data to a single time moment, that turns the initial task to an ’ill-posed’ system of algebraic equations with imprecisely determined right hand side. Therefore, we are looking for an approximate solution characterized by a minimal discrepancy of the system. Since some languages are much less distributed than the others, we minimize the weighted discrepancy, introducing weights that are inverse to the right hand side elements of the equations. This definition of discrepancy allows to recover the required variables. More than 92% of the recovered variables are robust to probabilistic modelling procedure for potential errors in initial data.

     Keywords: regional languages usage, dissimilarity indices, incomplete data identification.
     Views (last year): 3.

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