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The article presented the computational algorithm developed to study chemical processes in the internal flows of a multicomponent gas under the influence of laser radiation. The mathematical model is the gas dynamics’ equations with chemical reactions at low Mach numbers. It takes into account dissipative terms that describe the dynamics of a viscous heat-conducting medium with diffusion, chemical reactions and energy supply by laser radiation. This mathematical model is characterized by the presence of several very different time and spatial scales. The computational algorithm is based on a splitting scheme by physical processes. Each time integration step is divided into the following blocks: solving the equations of chemical kinetics, solving the equation for the radiation intensity, solving the convection-diffusion equations, calculating the dynamic component of pressure and calculating the correction of the velocity vector. The solution of a stiff system of chemical kinetics equations is carried out using a specialized explicit second-order accuracy scheme or a plug-in RADAU5 module. Numerical Rusanov flows and a WENO scheme of an increased order of approximation are used to find convective terms in the equations. The code based on the obtained algorithm has been developed using MPI parallel computing technology. The developed code is used to calculate the pyrolysis of ethane with radical reactions. The superequilibrium concentrations’ formation of radicals in the reactor volume is studied in detail. Numerical simulation of the reaction gas flow in a flat tube with laser radiation supply is carried out, which is in demand for the interpretation of experimental results. It is shown that laser radiation significantly increases the conversion of ethane and yields of target products at short lengths closer to the entrance to the reaction zone. Reducing the effective length of the reaction zone allows us to offer new solutions in the design of ethane conversion reactors into valuable hydrocarbons. The developed algorithm and program will find their application in the creation of new technologies of laser thermochemistry.

The paper presents various modifications of the Frank–Wolfe algorithm in the equilibrium traffic assignment problem. The Beckman model is used as a model for experiments. In this article, first of all, attention is paid to the choice of the direction of the basic step of the Frank–Wolfe algorithm. Algorithms will be presented: Conjugate Frank–Wolfe (CFW), Bi-conjugate Frank–Wolfe (BFW), Fukushima Frank –Wolfe (FFW). Each modification corresponds to different approaches to the choice of this direction. Some of these modifications are described in previous works of the authors. In this article, following algorithms will be proposed: N-conjugate Frank–Wolfe (NFW), Weighted Fukushima Frank–Wolfe (WFFW). These algorithms are some ideological continuation of the BFW and FFW algorithms. Thus, if the first algorithm used at each iteration the last two directions of the previous iterations to select the next direction conjugate to them, then the proposed algorithm NFW is using more than $N$ previous directions. In the case of Fukushima Frank–Wolfe, the average of several previous directions is taken as the next direction. According to this algorithm, a modification WFFW is proposed, which uses a exponential smoothing from previous directions. For comparative analysis, experiments with various modifications were carried out on several data sets representing urban structures and taken from publicly available sources. The relative gap value was taken as the quality metric. The experimental results showed the advantage of algorithms using the previous directions for step selection over the classic Frank–Wolfe algorithm. In addition, an improvement in efficiency was revealed when using more than two conjugate directions. For example, on various datasets, the modification 3FW showed the best convergence. In addition, the proposed modification WFFW often overtook FFW and CFW, although performed worse than NFW.

In this paper, the structure of a shock wave in a binary gas mixture is studied on the basis of direct solution of the Boltzmann kinetic equation. The conservative projection method is used to evaluate the collision integral in the kinetic equation. The applied evaluation formulas and numerical methods are described in detail. The model of hard spheres is used as an interaction potential of molecules. Numerical simulation is performed using the developed simulation environment software, which makes it possible to study both steady and non-steady flows of gas mixtures in various flow regimes and for an arbitrary geometry of the problem. Modeling is performed on a cluster architecture. Due to the use of code parallelization technologies, a significant acceleration of computations is achieved. With a fixed accuracy controlled by the simulation parameters, the distributions of macroscopic characteristics of the mixture components through the shock wave front were obtained. Computations were conducted for various ratios of molecular masses and Mach numbers. The total accuracy of at least 1% for the local values of molecular density and temperature and 3% for the shock front width was achieved. The obtained results were compared with existing computation data. The results presented in this paper are of theoretical significance, and can serve as a test computation, since they are obtained using the exact Boltzmann equation.

In this paper a numerical model for blood flow through a venous bifurcation with an obliterating clot is investigated. We studied propagation of perturbations of blood flow velocity and perturbations of pressure inside the vein. The model is built in acoustic (linear) approximation. Computational results reveal conditions for clot resonance oscillation, which can cause its detachment and thromboembolism.

Статья представляет собой пример компьютерного моделирования в области инженерной механики. Численным методом находятся поля скорости в гидроциклоне, которые недоступны прямому измерению. Рассматривается численное моделирование трехмерной гидродинамики на основе k-ε RNG модели турбулентности в гидроциклоне со встроенным инжектором, содержащим 5 тангенциально направленных сопла. Показано, что направление движения инжектируемой жидкости зависит от расхода жидкости через инжектор. Расчеты показывают в соответствии с экспериментами, что зависимость сплит-параметра от расхода инжектируемой жидкости имеет немонотонный характер, связанный с отношением мощности основного потока и инжектируемой жидкости.

The purpose of this paper is to generalize the macroscopic hydrodynamic vehicular traffic models by using the algorithm for constructing the adequate state equation — dependence the pressure from traffic density by taking into account the real experimental data (possibly using the parametric solutions for model equations). It is proved that this kind of state equation which closed model equations system and obtained from the experimentally observed form of the fundamental diagram — dependence the traffic intensity from its density, completely determines the all properties of the used phenomenological model.

Mathematical simulation on unsteady natural convection in a closed porous cylindrical cavity having finite thickness heat-conducting solid walls in conditions of convective heat exchange with an environment has been carried out. A boundary-value problem of mathematical physics formulated in dimensionless variables such as stream function and temperature on the basis of Darcy–Boussinesq model has been solved by finite difference method. Effect of a porous medium permeability 10^–5≤Da<∞, ratio between a solid wall thickness and the inner radius of a cylinder 0.1≤h/L≤0.3, a thermal conductivity ratio 1≤λ_1,2≤20 and a dimensionless time on both local distributions of isolines and isotherms and integral complexes reflecting an intensity of convective flow and heat transfer has been analyzed in detail.

The article submits wall functions model “FlowVision”. The model allows simulating turbulent flows of fluid and gas over solid impermeable surfaces on different grids. Four turbulence models are considered: $k-\varepsilon$ FlowVision, $k-\varepsilon$ Standard, SST $k-\omega$, SA. Details of implementation of turbulence models in FlowVision software are discussed. Calculations of two test cases are demonstrated.

The article provides a development of recently published turbulence model KEFV. The submitted version of this model allows modeling transition in a separated flow. The model includes an adjustable mechanism for specifying generation of turbulence in laminar zones with high velocity gradients. The model is implemented in the FlowVision CFD software. Simulation of the air flow around low-Reynolds airfoil Eppler-387 is discussed in the article. The flow conditions are characterized by the Reynolds number Re = 200 000.

The currently performed mathematical and computer modeling of thermal processes in technical systems is based on an assumption that all the parameters determining thermal processes are fully and unambiguously known and identified (i.e., determined). Meanwhile, experience has shown that parameters determining the thermal processes are of undefined interval-stochastic character, which in turn is responsible for the intervalstochastic nature of thermal processes in the electronic system. This means that the actual temperature values of each element in an technical system will be randomly distributed within their variation intervals. Therefore, the determinative approach to modeling of thermal processes that yields specific values of element temperatures does not allow one to adequately calculate temperature distribution in electronic systems. The interval-stochastic nature of the parameters determining the thermal processes depends on three groups of factors: (a) statistical technological variation of parameters of the elements when manufacturing and assembling the system; (b) the random nature of the factors caused by functioning of an technical system (fluctuations in current and voltage; power, temperatures, and flow rates of the cooling fluid and the medium inside the system); and (c) the randomness of ambient parameters (temperature, pressure, and flow rate). The interval-stochastic indeterminacy of the determinative factors in technical systems is irremediable; neglecting it causes errors when designing electronic systems. A method that allows modeling of unsteady interval-stochastic thermal processes in technical systems (including those upon interval indeterminacy of the determinative parameters) is developed in this paper. The method is based on obtaining and further solving equations for the unsteady statistical measures (mathematical expectations, variances and covariances) of the temperature distribution in an technical system at given variation intervals and the statistical measures of the determinative parameters. Application of the elaborated method to modeling of the interval-stochastic thermal process in a particular electronic system is considered.