Mathematical modeling of near-infrared laser irradiation effects on cancer cells

Tikunova K.V., Golyshev G.G., Sokolovski S.G., Rafailov E.U., Goltsov A.N.
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In recent decades, the introduction of biophotonics and quantum electronics advance into medical practice led to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for many diseases. In the field of oncology, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is successfully used today in the treatment of various types of cancer. Along with further improvement of PDT, the development of direct laser therapy is currently underway, in which the generation of singlet oxygen molecules ($^{1}$О$_2^{}$) in cancer cells occurs under NIR laser irradiation with a wavelength of $\lambda=1267$ nm without the need to introduce photosensitizers into the patient's body. For the purpose of a~theoretical investigation of the direct effect of NIR laser irradiation on cancer cells and the description of a~large set of experimental data, a mathematical model has been developed. The model includes the main cellular processes activated in cancer cells by NIR laser irradiation that determine the effectiveness of its cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. As a result of modeling, the rate of $^{1}$О$_2^{}$ generation under NIR laser irradiation was estimated, and the kinetics of active oxygen species (ROS) molecules was described. The ROS degradation due to the action of the antioxidant system of cell protection was taken into account in the model. It was shown that NIR laser irradiation induces lipid peroxidation that leads to cellular membrane damage and cell death through ferroptosis. As a result of modeling, it was established that a cascade of free-radical and enzymatic reactions of ROS transformation and accumulation leads to a prolonged response of cervical adenocarcinoma cells HeLa to the action of laser irradiation with $\lambda=1267$ nm, during which oxidative stress develops, causing cancer cell death through apoptosis and ferroptosis.

Keywords: biophotonics, laser therapy, oncology, computer modeling, singlet oxygen, reactive oxygen species
Citation in English: Tikunova K.V., Golyshev G.G., Sokolovski S.G., Rafailov E.U., Goltsov A.N. Mathematical modeling of near-infrared laser irradiation effects on cancer cells // Computer Research and Modeling, 2025, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 1205-1218
Citation in English: Tikunova K.V., Golyshev G.G., Sokolovski S.G., Rafailov E.U., Goltsov A.N. Mathematical modeling of near-infrared laser irradiation effects on cancer cells // Computer Research and Modeling, 2025, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 1205-1218
DOI: 10.20537/2076-7633-2025-17-6-1205-1218
URL: http://crm-en.ics.org.ru/journal/article/3674/
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

Copyright © 2025 Tikunova K.V., Golyshev G.G., Sokolovski S.G., Rafailov E.U., Goltsov A.N.

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