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Predicting novel drug properties is fundamental to polypharmacology, repositioning, and the study of biologically active substances during the preclinical phase. The use of machine learning, including deep learning methods, for the identification of drug – target interactions has gained increasing popularity in recent years.

The objective of this study was to develop a method for recognizing psychotropic effects and drug mechanisms of action (drug – target interactions) based on an analysis of the bioelectrical activity of the brain using artificial intelligence technologies.

Intracranial electroencephalographic (EEG) signals from rats were recorded (4 channels at a sampling frequency of 500 Hz) after the administration of psychotropic drugs (gabapentin, diazepam, carbamazepine, pregabalin, eslicarbazepine, phenazepam, arecoline, pentylenetetrazole, picrotoxin, pilocarpine, chloral hydrate). The signals were divided into 2-second epochs, then converted into $2000\times 4$ images and input into an autoencoder. The output of the bottleneck layer was subjected to classification and clustering using t-SNE, and then the distances between resulting clusters were calculated. As an alternative, an approach based on feature extraction with dimensionality reduction using principal component analysis and kernel support vector machine (kSVM) classification was used. Models were validated using 5-fold cross-validation.

The classification accuracy obtained for 11 drugs during cross-validation was $0.580 \pm 0.021$, which is significantly higher than the accuracy of the random classifier $(0.091 \pm 0.045, p < 0.0001)$ and the kSVM $(0.441 \pm 0.035, p < 0.05)$. t-SNE maps were generated from the bottleneck parameters of intracranial EEG signals. The relative proximity of the signal clusters in the parametric space was assessed.

The present study introduces an original method for biopotential-mediated prediction of effects and mechanism of action (drug – target interaction). This method employs convolutional neural networks in conjunction with a modified selective parameter reduction algorithm. Post-treatment EEGs were compressed into a unified parameter space. Using a neural network classifier and clustering, we were able to recognize the patterns of neuronal response to the administration of various psychotropic drugs.

The technology of creating patterns from natural language words (concepts) based on text data in the bag of words model is considered. Patterns are used to reduce the dimension of the original space in the description of documents and search for semantically related words by topic. The process of dimensionality reduction is implemented through the formation of patterns of latent features. The variety of structures of document relations is investigated in order to divide them into themes in the latent space.

It is considered that a given set of documents (objects) is divided into two non-overlapping classes, for the analysis of which it is necessary to use a common dictionary. The belonging of words to a common vocabulary is initially unknown. Class objects are considered as opposition to each other. Quantitative parameters of oppositionality are determined through the values of the stability of each feature and generalized assessments of objects according to non-overlapping sets of features.

To calculate the stability, the feature values are divided into non-intersecting intervals, the optimal boundaries of which are determined by a special criterion. The maximum stability is achieved under the condition that the boundaries of each interval contain values of one of the two classes.

The composition of features in sets (patterns of words) is formed from a sequence ordered by stability values. The process of formation of patterns and latent features based on them is implemented according to the rules of hierarchical agglomerative grouping.

A set of latent features is used for cluster analysis of documents using metric grouping algorithms. The analysis applies the coefficient of content authenticity based on the data on the belonging of documents to classes. The coefficient is a numerical characteristic of the dominance of class representatives in groups.

To divide documents into topics, it is proposed to use the union of groups in relation to their centers. As patterns for each topic, a sequence of words ordered by frequency of occurrence from a common dictionary is considered.

The results of a computational experiment on collections of abstracts of scientific dissertations are presented. Sequences of words from the general dictionary on 4 topics are formed.

The method for mapping of intermediate representations (IR) set of C, C++ programs to vector embedding space is considered to create an empirical estimation framework for static performance prediction using LLVM compiler infrastructure. The usage of embeddings makes programs easier to compare due to avoiding Control Flow Graphs (CFG) and Data Flow Graphs (DFG) direct comparison. This method is based on transformation series of the initial IR such as: instrumentation — injection of artificial instructions in an instrumentation compiler’s pass depending on load offset delta in the current instruction compared to the previous one, mapping of instrumented IR into multidimensional vector with IR2Vec and dimension reduction with t-SNE (t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding) method. The D1 cache miss ratio measured with perf stat tool is considered as performance metric. A heuristic criterion of programs having more or less cache miss ratio is given. This criterion is based on embeddings of programs in 2D-space. The instrumentation compiler’s pass developed in this work is described: how it generates and injects artificial instructions into IR within the used memory model. The software pipeline that implements the performance estimation based on LLVM compiler infrastructure is given. Computational experiments are performed on synthetic tests which are the sets of programs with the same CFGs but with different sequences of offsets used when accessing the one-dimensional array of a given size. The correlation coefficient between performance metric and distance to the worst program’s embedding is measured and proved to be negative regardless of t-SNE initialization. This fact proves the heuristic criterion to be true. The process of such synthetic tests generation is also considered. Moreover, the variety of performance metric in programs set in such a test is proposed as a metric to be improved with exploration of more tests generators.

Laminar-turbulent transition is the subject of an active research related to improvement of economic efficiency of air vehicles, because in the turbulent boundary layer drag increases, which leads to higher fuel consumption. One of the directions of such research is the search for efficient methods, that can be used to find the position of the transition in space. Using this information about laminar-turbulent transition location when designing an aircraft, engineers can predict its performance and profitability at the initial stages of the project. Traditionally, $e^N$ method is applied to find the coordinates of a laminar-turbulent transition. It is a well known approach in industry. However, despite its widespread use, this method has a number of significant drawbacks, since it relies on parallel flow assumption, which limits the scenarios for its application, and also requires computationally expensive calculations in a wide range of frequencies and wave numbers. Alternatively, flow analysis can be done by using Dynamic Mode Decomposition, which allows one to analyze flow disturbances using flow data directly. Since Dynamic Mode Decomposition is a dimensionality reduction method, the number of computations can be dramatically reduced. Furthermore, usage of Dynamic Mode Decomposition expands the applicability of the whole method, due to the absence of assumptions about the parallel flow in its derivation.

The presented study proposes an approach to finding the location of a laminar-turbulent transition using the Dynamic Mode Decomposition method. The essence of this approach is to divide the boundary layer region into sets of subregions, for each of which the transition point is independently calculated, using Dynamic Mode Decomposition for flow analysis, after which the results are averaged to produce the final result. This approach is validated by laminar-turbulent transition predictions of subsonic and supersonic flows over a 2D flat plate with zero pressure gradient. The results demonstrate the fundamental applicability and high accuracy of the described method in a wide range of conditions. The study focuses on comparison with the $e^N$ method and proves the advantages of the proposed approach. It is shown that usage of Dynamic Mode Decomposition leads to significantly faster execution due to less intensive computations, while the accuracy is comparable to the such of the solution obtained with the $e^N$ method. This indicates the prospects for using the described approach in a real world applications.