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The paper addresses the problem of modeling the formation and propagation of panic states in social groups with relatively stable structures of interpersonal interactions. Panic is interpreted as a nonlinear process of emotional contagion arising from the interaction between individual psychological characteristics and collective effects within a social environment. In contrast to models focused on the spatial dynamics of moving crowds, the proposed approach concentrates on quasi-stationary interaction networks that reflect informational and emotional contacts among individuals.

The developed discrete network dynamical system integrates individual temperament parameters (sanguine, choleric, phlegmatic, melancholic), the structure of social connections, and nonlinear mechanisms of collective behavior. The individual dynamics of panic are described using an S-shaped growth function, which ensures boundedness of the emotional arousal level and captures the stages of its formation and saturation. Social influence is modeled on a graph of interpersonal interactions (an Erdos –Renyi random network) through local contacts between individuals.

Additionally, the model incorporates the effects of collective contagion and avalanche-like amplification driven by the average panic level in the group, as well as a baseline stress factor depending on group size. Numerical simulation is implemented in a discrete iterative form, allowing for the analysis of both individual and group panic trajectories. A quantitative indicator of the panic propagation rate is introduced, defined by the time required for the group to reach a state close to full panic.

A comparative analysis of heterogeneous and homogeneous groups is conducted, demonstrating that group heterogeneity significantly accelerates panic propagation due to inter-temperament interactions: highly excitable individuals act as initiators of emotional contagion, while more stable individuals partially dampen its dynamics. The evaluation of the model quality using the coefficient of determination shows a high degree of consistency within the simulation data.

The practical significance of the work lies in the potential application of the model for analyzing the resilience of social groups to panic states, assessing risks at mass events, and developing intelligent systems for monitoring collective behavior. Future research directions include extending the model to account for directed and dynamic networks, as well as its calibration based on empirical data.

The grid-characteristic method is successfully used for solving hyperbolic systems of partial differential equations (for example, transport / acoustic / elastic equations). It allows to construct correctly algorithms on contact boundaries and boundaries of the integration domain, to a certain extent to take into account the physics of the problem (propagation of discontinuities along characteristic curves), and has the property of monotonicity, which is important for considered problems. In the cases of two-dimensional and three-dimensional problems the method makes use of a coordinate splitting technique, which enables us to solve the original equations by solving several one-dimensional ones consecutively. It is common to use up to 3-rd order one-dimensional schemes with simple splitting techniques which do not allow for the convergence order to be higher than two (with respect to time). Significant achievements in the operator splitting theory were done, the existence of higher-order schemes was proved. Its peculiarity is the need to perform a step in the opposite direction in time, which gives rise to difficulties, for example, for parabolic problems.

In this work coordinate splitting of the 3-rd and 4-th order were used for the two-dimensional hyperbolic problem of the linear elasticity. This made it possible to increase the final convergence order of the computational algorithm. The paper empirically estimates the convergence in L1 and L∞ norms using analytical solutions of the system with the sufficient degree of smoothness. To obtain objective results, we considered the cases of longitudinal and transverse plane waves propagating both along the diagonal of the computational cell and not along it. Numerical experiments demonstrated the improved accuracy and convergence order of constructed schemes. These improvements are achieved with the cost of three- or fourfold increase of the computational time (for the 3-rd and 4-th order respectively) and no additional memory requirements. The proposed improvement of the computational algorithm preserves the simplicity of its parallel implementation based on the spatial decomposition of the computational grid.

This study presents a methodology for assessing the functioning of complex systems, taking into account the type of distribution of indicators characterizing the functioning of structural elements of such a system operating under conditions of uncertainty. Unlike previous studies, the work integrates the identification of the type of indicator distribution with their Bayesian assessment, taking into account the norms characterizing the required results of the functioning of the structural elements of the system. The type of distribution and its characteristics provide more complete information about the properties of an object and their consideration affects the results of evaluating the functioning of elements of complex systems, especially in cases of the presence of “heavy” tails characteristic of a number of socio-economic processes and systems. It is shown that it is advisable to identify the type of distribution based on modified data due to the exclusion of the best trend in statistical characteristics. The determination of the best type of distribution is carried out according to the Kolmogorov – Smirnov agreement criterion, which showed the best (according to the available sample) statistical estimates compared to other criteria or a mixture of them. The obtained type of distribution is used in the probabilistic assessment of the results of the functioning of subsystem elements based on Bayesian intelligent technologies that successfully operate in conditions of uncertainty, and which make it possible to present such results on numerical and linguistic scales in a general hierarchical information model. The methodology was tested using the example of the object subsystem (G.B.Kleiner’s spatio-temporal classification) of the economic subsystem of the Tula region, considered as a complex system — a socio-ecological-economic system. The volume of gross domestic product by region in six sections of the all-Russian classifier of economic activities (sections A, B, C, D, E) was used as assessment indicators. In some cases, it is possible to reduce the level of uncertainty in the estimates of indicators.; to obtain estimates that are more stringent than the norm, which ultimately leads to the conclusion that the use of the distribution type in the formation of probabilistic estimates of indicators of structural elements of complex systems makes it possible to justify their correct application within the framework of the concept of evidence-based modeling.

The traditional approach to studying inter-journal communication involves analyzing journal citation graphs. This paper proposes a method for analyzing journal networks using a new type of bibliometric graph — a journal intersection graph based on the binary operation of set intersection — employing techniques grounded in the friendship index and the disparity function. The approach is demonstrated using a relatively small example of a real journal network, with data sourced from the All-Russian portal Math-Net.Ru information system: 63 journals from 2008–2021 meeting specific criteria, containing almost 69 thousand articles authored by 54 thousand individuals. The mathematical model of this real-world network is represented as an intersection graph using the Jaccard coefficient, which exhibits specific properties: low dimensionality, high graph density, and an edge weight distribution that is not approximated by a power law function. The obtained results include the network structure of connections within the studied set of journals, accounting for their degree of interaction, and the identification of significant vertices using the friendship index. This captures the graph’s structural properties, offers an obvious substantive interpretation, and allows for ranking journals by this metric. Thus, the method implements a tool for distinguishing between vertices that are leaders in terms of the friendship index and “network integrators” (based on closeness/betweenness centrality). It also demonstrates a qualitative change in structural properties when reducing graph density while maintaining connectivity, achieved by applying the disparity function. The sequential application of the disparity function while lowering the significance threshold allows for the identification of the graph’s core, containing the most strongly connected vertices. This, in turn, enables the determination of a set of vertices (and corresponding journals) that are simultaneously part of the core and have the highest significance according to the friendship index. An analysis of the levels of this resulting journal set within the “Belyi Spisok” (“White List”) shows these journals have a high rating. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the relationship structure within scientific journal networks and define new approaches for their study.

The author presents a new macroeconomic model designed to analyze and forecast technology diffusion processes in markets characterized by bounded capacity. The study addresses the major limitations of classical phenomenological models, such as the Bass and Gompertz frameworks, which suffer from a rigidly fixed trajectory asymmetry and lack explicit microeconomic foundations. To overcome these constraints, we employ an interdisciplinary approach that transfers the ecological concept of limited resource rationing from the Arditi–Ginzburg–Contois model into operations management theory. This framework integrates the Karmarkar clearing function with the Leontief–Liebig production function to establish a rigorous dynamic balance. By applying this integration, the author analytically derives an alternative technological innovation diffusion law that expresses time as an explicit function of the cumulative market volume. To identify parameters from empirical data, the study develops a robust numerical grid inversion algorithm that utilizes vector linear interpolation within the MATLAB computing environment. This approach avoids iterative root-finding errors and ensures high computational stability for the non-linear least squares optimization procedure. We test the empirical validity of the developed diffusion law using two distinct historical macroeconomic cases: the quarterly cumulative sales of the Apple iPod and the annual subscription data for the mobile broadband market in Germany. The resulting statistical metrics demonstrate that the proposed model provides superior approximation quality and mathematical advantages on high-tech market data due to its highly flexible asymmetry parameter. The fundamental scientific novelty of this research lies in the theoretical justification of the macroeconomic S-curve through the internal balance equations of an open chemostat-type system operating under a competitive vacuum. The proposed mathematical apparatus offers a practical tool for corporate management and regulatory agencies to plan market capacity and accurately forecast peak technological substitution rates.

The paper is devoted to the study of relationships between discrete and continuous models financial processes and their probabilistic characteristics. First, a connection is established between the price processes of stocks, hedging portfolio and options in the models conditioned by binomial perturbations and their limit perturbations of the Brownian motion type. Secondly, analogues in the coefficients of stochastic equations with various random processes, continuous and jumpwise, and in the coefficients corresponding deterministic equations for their probabilistic characteristics. Statement of the results on the connections and finding analogies, obtained in this paper, led to the need for an adequate presentation of preliminary information and results from financial mathematics, as well as descriptions of related objects of stochastic analysis. In this paper, partially new and known results are presented in an accessible form for those who are not specialists in financial mathematics and stochastic analysis, and for whom these results are important from the point of view of applications. Specifically, the following sections are presented.

• In one- and n-period binomial models, it is proposed a unified approach to determining on the probability space a risk-neutral measure with which the discounted option price becomes a martingale. The resulting martingale formula for the option price is suitable for numerical simulation. In the following sections, the risk-neutral measures approach is applied to study financial processes in continuous-time models.

• In continuous time, models of the price of shares, hedging portfolios and options are considered in the form of stochastic equations with the Ito integral over Brownian motion and over a compensated Poisson process. The study of the properties of these processes in this section is based on one of the central objects of stochastic analysis — the Ito formula. Special attention is given to the methods of its application.

• The famous Black – Scholes formula is presented, which gives a solution to the partial differential equation for the function $v(t, x)$, which, when $x = S (t)$ is substituted, where $S(t)$ is the stock price at the moment time $t$, gives the price of the option in the model with continuous perturbation by Brownian motion.

• The analogue of the Black – Scholes formula for the case of the model with a jump-like perturbation by the Poisson process is suggested. The derivation of this formula is based on the technique of risk-neutral measures and the independence lemma.

Methods for modeling blood flow and its rheological properties are reviewed. Blood is considered as a particle suspencion. The methods are boundary integral equation method (BIEM), lattice Boltzmann (LBM), finite elements on dynamic mesh, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) and agent based modeling. The analysis of these methods’ applications on high-performance systems with various architectures is presented.

We'd like to present a specific grid infrastructure and web application development and deployment. The purpose of infrastructure and web application is to solve particular geophysical problems that require heavy computational resources. Here we cover technology overview and connector framework internals. The connector framework links problem-specific routines with middleware in a manner that developer of application doesn't have to be aware of any particular grid software. That is, the web application built with this framework acts as an interface between the user 's web browser and Grid's (often very) own middleware.

Our distributed computing system is built around Gridway metascheduler. The metascheduler is connected to TORQUE resource managers of virtual compute nodes that are being run atop of compute cluster utilizing the virtualization technology. Such approach offers several notable features that are unavailable to bare-metal compute clusters.

The first application we've integrated with our framework is seismic anisotropic parameters determination by inversion of SKS and converted phases. We've used probabilistic approach to inverse problem solution based on a posteriory probability distribution function (APDF) formalism. To get the exact solution of the problem we have to compute the values of multidimensional function. Within our implementation we used brute-force APDF calculation on rectangular grid across parameter space.

The result of computation is stored in relational DBMS and then represented in familiar human-readable form. Application provides several instruments to allow analysis of function's shape by computational results: maximum value distribution, 2D cross-sections of APDF, 2D marginals and a few other tools. During the tests we've run the application against both synthetic and observed data.

The use of service-oriented approach in scientific domains can increase research productivity by enabling sharing, publication and reuse of computing applications, as well as automation of scientific workflows. Everest is a cloud platform that enables researchers with minimal skills to publish and use scientific applications as services. In contrast to existing solutions, Everest executes applications on external resources attached by users, implements flexible binding of resources to applications and supports programmatic access to the platform's functionality. The paper presents current state of the platform, recent developments and remaining challenges.

This work describes the idea of the system of informational support for the scientific projects and the development of computational task tracking complex. Due to large requirements for computational experiments the problem of presentation of the information about HPC tasks becomes one of the most important. Nonstandard usage of the service desk system as a basis of the computational task tracking and support system can be the solution of this problem. Particular attention is paid to the analysis and the satisfaction of the conflicting requirements to the task tracking complex from the different user groups. Besides the web service kit used for the integration of the task tracking complex and the datacenter environment is considered. This service kit became the main interconnect between the parts of the scientific project support system and also this kit allows to reconfigure the whole system quickly and safely.