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This paper analyzes some issues in developing numerical methods for solving problems with a Boltzmann-type linear kinetic transport equation. Existing applications of this type of equation are listed. The focus is on the problem of radiative transfer in a flat layer, which are important for experimental research practice. Key definitions and traditional limitations applied to radiative transfer problems are presented. Some features of formulating radiative transfer problems for flat layers of irregular heterogeneous composite materials that are partially transparent to electromagnetic radiation are considered. The main approaches to the numerical and numerical-analytical solution of the linear kinetic transport equation are outlined.

Some variants of the simplest grid numerical methods for solving of nonstationary kinetic problems of transport a flat layer of a medium with strong attenuation are considered. Problems with one- and two-step variants of these iterative methods are analyzed, for some of them the causes of instability and convergence absence in some of them are investigated and established. It is shown that in the explicit conservative one-step method for a layer of a homogeneous absorbing, but neither radiating nor scattering, medium, unstable modes always exist in the spectrum of harmonic solutions. These modes arise in the region of radiation propagating almost parallel to the layer boundaries, and their instability increases with increasing attenuation effects and is caused by the presence of a small coefficient before the spatial derivative in the transport equation. To limit the undesirable influence of this component, various variants of splitting the equation into two and three fractional steps are considered.

It is shown that the most preferable options are those with explicitly organized fractional steps, for which a proof of their stability and convergence, that based on the Lax’s equivalence theorem is presented. It is demonstrated that the correct building of the fractional step sequence in explicit schemes for numerical solving of the nonstationary linear kinetic transport problems can provide additional stabilization, with the scattering integral plays an important role in stabilizing them. So, when solving kinetic transport problems in media with high scattering albedo, the explicit grid method of settling with splitting the iterations into three fractional steps, that were based on physical processes proved to be the simplest and most effective. The method is implemented as Matlab code, which performs quality control during the generation of the numerical solution process. The most significant modeling results are presented, confirming that the three-step method imposes relatively moderate requirements on resources and numerical integration accuracy, and ensures conditional convergence of iterations. Its mathematical correctness is confirmed by the behavior of the equation residuals and direct control of the convergence of numerical solutions. Its physical correctness is confirmed by ensuring, for ergodic systems, the property of convergence to an invariant steady state independent of the initial conditions. Some discovered and possible limitations of the method are listed.

The work will be useful to specialists in the field of mathematical modeling, numerical methods, kinetic theory, combined heat and mass transfer, dealing with issues of interpretation of experimental data, graduate students and senior students specializing in the indicated areas.

A mathematical model of fluid movement in the portal vein is considered. The fundamental circumstance determining the whole variety of portal hemodynamic phenomena is the absence of a valve apparatus. The flow direction is solely a function of the pressure gradient, and, therefore, it is fundamentally reversible when the boundary conditions of the system change.

Calculations were performed in the area representing a CT image fragment of the portal vein of a particular patient, which does not contain vascular bifurcations. The interpolation of patient Dopplerography data published in the press was used as boundary conditions for the flow. The calculations were carried out using the FlowVision industrial hydrodynamics software package. A comparison of calculations using the ideal fluid model and the Kuemada model of viscoplastic flow is carried out.

Calculations were performed for different values of the resistance coefficient corresponding to the physiological norm and with an increased value of the resistance coefficient.

At a normal value of the resistance coefficient, the flow in the portal vein is characterized by strong convective mixing.

As a result of calculations, it was found that when using the Kuemada model, the flow in the portal vein is stratified. The nature of the stratification depends on the hematocrit. At a normal value of the resistance coefficient, a plastic core of the flow is formed as the velocity decreases. With an increased value of the resistance coefficient during flow inversion, the flow core is also formed. When the flow is inverted, the plastic core continues to move in the forward direction, while the wall layers of the liquid begin to move in the opposite direction.

It is noted that in order to obtain correct modeling results, it is necessary to refine the blood composition of the portal vein and, possibly, refine the rheological model. Such information can be obtained both from comparing simulation data with clinical data, and by laboratory examination of portal vein blood.

This work gives results of numerical simulation of a superconducting magnetic focusing system. While modeling this system, special care was taken to achieve approximation accuracy over the condition u(∞)=0 by using Richardson method. The work presents the results of comparison of the magnetic field calculated distribution with measurements of the field performed on a modified magnet SP-40 of “MARUSYA” physical installation. This work also presents some results of numeric analysis of magnetic systems of “MARUSYA” physical installation with the purpose to study an opportunity of designing magnetic systems with predetermined characteristics of the magnetic field.

Charge transfer in DNA is simulated by a discrete Holstein model «quantum particle + classical site chain + interaction». Thermostat temperature is taken into account as stochastic force, which acts on classical sites (Langevin equation). Thus dynamics of charge migration along the chain is described by ODE system with stochastic right-hand side. To integrate the system numerically, algorithms of order 1 or 2 are usually applied. We developed «mixed» algorithm having 4th order of accuracy for fast «quantum» variables (note that in quantum subsystem the condition «sum of probabilities of charge being on site is time-constant» must be held), and 2nd order for slow classical variables, which are affecting by stochastic force. The algorithm allows us to calculate trajectories on longer time intervals as compared to standard algorithms. Model calculations of polaron disruption in homogeneous chain caused by temperature fluctuations are given as an example.

The difference scheme for numerical solution of a time-dependant system of two Schrödinger equations with the operator of a spin-orbit interaction for a two-component spinor wave function is offered on the basis of a split method for a time-dependant Schrödinger equations. The computer simulation of the external neutrons’ wave functions evolution with different values of the full moment projection upon internuclear axis and probabilities of their transfer are executed for head-on collisions of ¹⁸O and ⁵⁸Ni nuclei.

Isothermal electroconvection in a dielectric liquid arising in a plane-parallel electrode system due to unipolar injection of charges from the cathode is considered. Spatially periodic rolls structures stability is investigated.

The paper describes the results of computer simulation of time-dependent temperature fields arising in polar dielectrics irradiated by focused electron bunches with average electron energy when analyzing with electron microscopy techniques. The mathematical model was based on solving several-dimensional nonstationary heat conduction equation with use of numerical finite element method. The approximation of thermal source was performed taking into account the estimation of initial electron distribution determined by Monte-Carlo simulation of electron trajectories. The simulation program was designed in Matlab. The geometrical modeling and calculation results demonstrated the main features of model sample heating by electron beam were presented at the given experimental parameters as well as source approximation.

The Goodwin dynamical model under the random external disturbances is considered. A full parametrical analysis for equlibria and cycles of deterministic model is developed. We study probabilistic properties of stochastic attractors using stochastic sensitivity functions technique and numerical methods. A phenomenon of the generation of stochastic business cycles in the zones of stable equilibria is discussed.

An algorithm of applied problem solving was described to calculate electrical characteristics of electrical field effects in ferroelectrics electron-beam charged. The algorithm was based on implementation of the deterministic model using finite element method as well as taking into account Monte-Carlo simulation results of electron transport. The program application was developed to perform computing experiments.

The static three-level game-theoretic model of a control system of the ship’s water ballast is built. The methods of hierarchical control in view of requirements of keeping the system in the given state are used. A comparison of the results of study of the model in terms of $\Gamma_1$ and $\Gamma_2$. Germeyer’s games is conducted. Numerical calculations for some typical cases are given.