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The work investigates the process of self-consistent relaxation of the region of disturbances created in a rarefied binary low-temperature plasma by a stationary charged ball or cylinder with an absorbing surface. A feature of such problems is their self-consistent kinetic nature, in which it is impossible to separate the processes of transfer in phase space and the formation of an electromagnetic field. A mathematical model is presented that makes it possible to describe and analyze the state of the gas, electric and thermal fields in the vicinity of the body. The multidimensionality of the kinetic formulation creates certain problems in the numerical solution, therefore a curvilinear system of nonholonomic coordinates was selected for the problem, which minimizes its phase space, which contributes to increasing the efficiency of numerical methods. For such coordinates, the form of the Vlasov kinetic equation has been justified and analyzed. To solve it, a variant of the large particle method with a constant form factor was used. The calculations used a moving grid that tracks the displacement of the distribution function carrier in the phase space, which further reduced the volume of the controlled region of the phase space. Key details of the model and numerical method are revealed. The model and the method are implemented as code in the Matlab language. Using the example of solving a problem for a ball, the presence of significant disequilibrium and anisotropy in the particle velocity distribution in the disturbed zone is shown. Based on the calculation results, pictures of the evolution of the structure of the particle distribution function, profiles of the main macroscopic characteristics of the gas — concentration, current, temperature and heat flow, and characteristics of the electric field in the disturbed region are presented. The mechanism of heating of attracted particles in the disturbed zone is established and some important features of the process of formation of heat flow are shown. The results obtained are well explainable from a physical point of view, which confirms the adequacy of the model and the correct operation of the software tool. The creation and testing of a basis for the development in the future of tools for solving more complex problems of modeling the behavior of ionized gases near charged bodies is noted.

The work will be useful to specialists in the field of mathematical modeling, heat and mass transfer processes, lowtemperature plasma physics, postgraduate students and senior students specializing in the indicated areas.

Currently, a significant development has been observed in the direction of distributed computing theory, where computational tasks are solved collectively by resource-constrained devices. In practice, this scenario is implemented when processing data in Internet of Things systems, with the aim of reducing system latency and network infrastructure load, as data is processed on edge network computing devices. However, the rapid growth and widespread adoption of IoT systems raise questions about the need to develop methods for reducing the resource intensity of computations. The resource constraints of computing devices pose the following issues regarding the distribution of computational resources: firstly, the necessity to account for the transit cost between different devices solving various tasks; secondly, the necessity to consider the resource cost associated directly with the process of distributing computational resources, which is particularly relevant for groups of autonomous devices such as drones or robots. An analysis of modern publications available in open access demonstrated the absence of proposed models or methods for distributing computational resources that would simultaneously take into account all these factors, making the creation of a new mathematical model for organizing distributed computing in IoT systems and its solution methods topical. This article proposes a novel mathematical model for distributing computational resources along with heuristic optimization methods, providing an integrated approach to implementing distributed computing in IoT systems. A scenario is considered where there exists a leader device within a group that makes decisions concerning the allocation of computational resources, including its own, for distributed task resolution involving information exchanges. It is also assumed that no prior knowledge exists regarding which device will assume the role of leader or the migration paths of computational tasks across devices. Experimental results have shown the effectiveness of using the proposed models and heuristics: achieving up to a 52% reduction in resource costs for solving computational problems while accounting for data transit costs, saving up to 73% of resources through supplementary criteria optimizing task distribution based on minimizing fragment migrations and distances, and decreasing the resource cost of resolving the computational resource distribution problem by up to 28 times with reductions in distribution quality up to 10%.

This paper proposes an architectural solution for organizing a convolutional neural network (CNN) oriented towards hardware implementation on edge devices under limited resources. To this goal, an approach to compressing spectrograms to a given size (28 × 28) is proposed using discretization, monoconversion, windowed Fourier transform, and two-dimensional interpolation. A balanced convolution procedure is developed based on compact convolutional filters, the size of which provides the balance between computational complexity and accuracy required for edge devices. An algorithm that enables convolution operations and calculation of the error function gradient in the convolutional layer in a single cycle ensuring increased performance in both inference and training modes of the CNN is proposed. The tradeoff between network trainability and its resistance to overfitting is optimized by applying the Dropout regularization method with a dropout coefficient of 0.5 for the fully connected layer.

The effectiveness of the proposed solution was demonstrated using the example of recognizing audio spectrograms of car and airplane engine sounds. The CNN was trained on a balanced dataset consisting of 7160 audio recordings. The trained network demonstrated high recognition accuracy (95%), low loss values (< 0.2), and balanced precision/recall/F-metric, demonstrating the effectiveness of the developed CNN model.

In this paper we consider the problem of modeling of flow in the far regions of an axisymmetric momentumless turbulent wake that occurs when a body is flowed. The main features of the studied flow are its almost shear-free nature and its proximity to the self-similar regime, which is confirmed by the available experimental data. A semi-empirical $e-\varepsilon$ model of turbulence based on the Rodi algebraic model of Reynolds stresses is invoked to describe a flow in the far wake. Using group-theoretic analysis, similarity reduction of the invoked model of turbulence to a system of ordinary differential equations is obtained. An approximate self-similar solution of the second kind of the corresponding boundary value problem for the reduced system of equations was constructed using a method based on matching the truncations of asymptotic expansions of its solution found in neighborhoods of the boundary points. The involved approach also allowed for the extraction of an approximate value of the self-similarity exponent and other unknown parameters of the problem during the procedure of matching of the asymptotic expansion. Comparison of the approximate solution of the given boundary value problem constructed in the form of Puiseux series, which includes 16 approximating terms, with the numerical solution found using the shooting method, showed that the maximum relative error between the solutions does not exceed 2%. The approximate value of the self-similarity exponent of the problem established in this work is in a good agreement with the exact value obtained earlier by other authors as a result of the analytical solution of the corresponding nonlinear eigenvalue problem. The approximate solution was compared with the available experimental data on the axisymmetric momentumless turbulent wake obtained at the Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and a satisfactory agreement was found. The approximate formulas developed in this work have practical significance and can be used for quick estimation of the values of hydrodynamic quantities in the far regions of the axisymmetric momentumless turbulent wake. The developed method for constructing approximate solutions to the boundary value problems of free turbulence can also be used in other applied fields that are not related to turbulence theory.

A new flow modeling method on unstructured grid was proposed. As a basis system this method used quasi-hydro-dynamic equations. The finite volume method vas used for solving these equations. The Delaunay triangulation was used for constructing mesh. This proposed method was tested in modeling of incompressible flow through a channel with complex profile. The acquired results showed that the proposed method could be used in flow modeling in unstructured grid.

An approach to evaluation of a parametric portrait of integral equations of the theory of liquids in the RISM approximation was proposed. To obtain all associated solutions the continuation method was used. The equations reduced to a two-centered molecule model for symmetry reasons were deduced for molecular liquids. For molecular liquids, some equations were obtained which could be reduced, for symmetry reasons, to a two-center molecular model. To avoid critical points we changed the dependence of RISM-equations on reverse compressibility. The suggested method was used to perform numerical computations of methane reverse compressibility isotherms with three closures. No bifurcation of solutions was observed in the case of the partially linearized hypernetted chain closure. For other closures bifurcations of solutions were obtained and the model behavior nontypical for simple liquids was observed. In the case of Percus-Yevick closure nonphysical solutions were obtained at low temperature and density. Additional solution branch with a kink in the bifurcation point was obtained in the case of hypernetted chain closure at temperature above the critical point.

Efficient method for numerical solving of the steady transport equation in x-y-z-geometry has been suggested. The equation is being solved on hexagonal mesh, reflecting real structure of the reactor active zone cross-section. Method of characteristics is used, that inherits all the outcomes from the two-dimensional r-z-geometry calculation. Two variants of the method of characteristics have been applied for solving the transport equation in a cell: method of short characteristics and its conservative modification. It has been confirmed that in three-dimensional geometry conservative method has advantage over pure characteristic and it produces highly accurate solution, especially for quasi-diffusion tensor components.

The computer code NINE (Newtonian Iteration for Nonlinear Equation) for numerical solution of the boundary problems for nonlinear differential equations on the basis of continuous analogue of the Newton method (CANM) is presented. Numerov’s finite-difference appproximation is applied to provide the fourth accuracy order with respect to the discretization stepsize. Algorithms of calculating the Newtonian iterative parameter are discussed. A convergence of iteration process in dependence on choice of the iteration parameter has been studied. Results of numerical investigation of the particle-like solutions of the scalar field equation are given.

The problems of radiative-conductive heat transfer in the scattering layer are considered. They consist in finding the temperature profile and improving the heat transfer from boundaries. For their solution the Monte Carlo method is used. The different approaches of parallelization of proposed algorithm are analyzed.

This article is dedicated to numerical algorithms for solving problems of ignition and unsteady combustion of gunpowder on a uniform computational grid, and a grid with concentration near the surface of the combustion at a constant and adapts the depth under the heated layer of computational domain. The analysis of efficiency of a numerical grid.