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We present a physico-mathematical statement of coupled geometrical and gas dynamics problem of intrachamber processes simulation and calculation of main internal ballistics characteristics of solid rocket motors in axisymmetric approximation. Method and numerical algorithm of solving the problem are described in this paper. We track the propellant burning surface using the level set method. This method allows us to implicitly represent the surface on a fixed Cartesian grid as zero-level of some function. Two-dimensional gas-dynamics equations describe a flow of combustion products in a solid rocket motor. Due to inconsistency of domain boundaries and nodes of computational grid, presence of ghost points lying outside the computational domain is taken into account. For setting the values of flow parameters in ghost points, we use the inverse Lax – Wendroff procedure. We discretize spatial derivatives of level set and gas-dynamics equations with standard WENO schemes of fifth and third-order respectively and time derivatives using total variation diminishing Runge –Kutta methods. We parallelize the presented numerical algorithm using CUDA technology and further optimize it with regard to peculiarities of graphics processors architecture.

Created software package is used for calculating internal ballistics characteristics of nozzleless solid rocket motor during main firing phase. On the base of obtained numerical results, we discuss efficiency of parallelization using CUDA technology and applying considered optimizations. It has been shown that implemented parallelization technique leads to a significant acceleration in comparison with central processes. Distributions of key parameters of combustion products flow in different periods of time have been presented in this paper. We make a comparison of obtained results between quasione-dimensional approach and developed numerical technique.

In a number of fundamental and practical problems, it is necessary to describe the dynamics of the motion of complexshaped particles in a high-speed gas flow. An example is the movement of coal particles behind the front of a strong shock wave during an explosion in a coal mine. The paper is devoted to numerical simulation of the dynamics of translational and rotational motion of a square-shaped body, as an example of a particle of a more complex shape than a round one, in a supersonic flow behind a passing shock wave. The formulation of the problem approximately corresponds to the experiments of Professor V. M. Boiko and Professor S. V. Poplavski (ITAM SB RAS).

Mathematical model is based on the two-dimensional Euler equations, which are solved in a region with varying boundaries. The defining system of equations is integrated using an explicit scheme and the Cartesian grid method which was developed and verified earlier. The computational algorithm at the time integration step includes: determining the step value, calculating the dynamics of the body movement (determining the force and moment acting on the body; determining the linear and angular velocities of the body; calculating the new coordinates of the body), calculating the gas parameters. To calculate numerical fluxes through the edges of the cell intersected by the boundaries of the body, we use a two-wave approximation for solving the Riemann problem and the Steger – Warming scheme.

The movement of a square with a side of 6 mm was initiated by the passage of a shock wave with a Mach number of 3,0 propagating in a flat channel 800 mm long and 60 mm wide. The channel was filled with air at low pressure. Different initial orientation of the square relative to the channel axis was considered. It is found that the initial position of the square with its side across the flow is less stable during its movement than the initial position with a diagonal across the flow. In this case, the calculated results qualitatively correspond to experimental observations. For the intermediate initial positions of a square, a typical mode of its motion is described, consisting of oscillations close to harmonic, turning into rotation with a constant average angular velocity. During the movement of the square, there is an average monotonous decrease in the distance between the center of mass and the center of pressure to zero.

The paper presents the physical and mathematical formulation of the problems of internal ballistics of an artillery shot for a charge consisting of a set of powder tubes and their stress-strain state. Combustion and movement of a bundle of powder tubes along the barrel channel is modeled by an equivalent tubular charge of all-round combustion. It is assumed that the equivalent tube moves along the axis of the bore. The speed of movement of an equivalent tubular charge and its current position are determined from Newton’s second law. When calculating the flow parameters, two-dimensional axisymmetric equations of gas dynamics were used, for the solution of which an axisymmetric orthogonalized difference grid is constructed, which adapts to the flow conditions. The control volume method is used to numerically solve the system of gas-dynamic equations. The gas parameters at the boundaries of the control volumes are determined using a self-similar solution to the Godunov’s problem of the decay of an arbitrary discontinuity. The stress-strain state is modeled for a separate burning powder tube located in the field of gas-dynamic parameters. The calculation of the gas-dynamic parameters of the shot is carried out without taking into account the deformed state of the powder elements. The behavior of powder elements during firing is considered under these conditions. The finite element method with the division of the calculation area into triangular elements is used to solve the problem of elasticity. In the process of powder tube burnout, the computational grid on each time layer of the dynamic problem is completely updated due to a change in the boundaries of the powder element due to combustion. The paper shows the time dependences of the parameters of the internal ballistics process and the stress-strain state of powder elements, as well as the distribution of the main parameters of the flow of combustion products at different points in time. It has been established that the tubular powder elements during the shot experience significant deformations, which must be taken into account when solving the basic problem of internal ballistics. The data obtained give an idea of the level of equivalent stresses acting at various points of the powder element. The results obtained indicate the relevance of the conjugate formulation of the problem of gas dynamics and the stress-strain state for charges consisting of tubular powders, since this allows a new approach to the design of tubular charges and opens up the possibility of determining the parameters on which the physics of the combustion process of gunpowder significantly depends, therefore, and the dynamics of the shot process.

This article presents the results of an analytical and computer study of the chaotic evolution of a regular velocity field generated by a large-scale harmonic forcing. The authors obtained an analytical solution for the flow stream function and its derivative quantities (velocity, vorticity, kinetic energy, enstrophy and palinstrophy). Numerical modeling of the flow evolution was carried out using the OpenFOAM software package based on incompressible model, as well as two inhouse implementations of CABARET and McCormack methods employing nearly incompressible formulation. Calculations were carried out on a sequence of nested meshes with 64², 128², 256², 512², 1024² cells for two characteristic (asymptotic) Reynolds numbers characterizing laminar and turbulent evolution of the flow, respectively. Simulations show that blow-up of the analytical solution takes place in both cases. The energy characteristics of the flow are discussed relying upon the energy curves as well as the dissipation rates. For the fine mesh, this quantity turns out to be several orders of magnitude less than its hydrodynamic (viscous) counterpart. Destruction of the regular flow structure is observed for any of the numerical methods, including at the late stages of laminar evolution, when numerically obtained distributions are close to analytics. It can be assumed that the prerequisite for the development of instability is the error accumulated during the calculation process. This error leads to unevenness in the distribution of vorticity and, as a consequence, to the variance vortex intensity and finally leads to chaotization of the flow. To study the processes of vorticity production, we used two integral vorticity-based quantities — integral enstrophy ($\zeta$) and palinstrophy $(P)$. The formulation of the problem with periodic boundary conditions allows us to establish a simple connection between these quantities. In addition, $\zeta$ can act as a measure of the eddy resolution of the numerical method, and palinstrophy determines the degree of production of small-scale vorticity.

Molecular dynamics simulation using the embedded-atom method is applied to study the structural evolution of the particle diameter of 40 Å during the quenching process. Was carried comparative analysis of the structural reconstruction for the particle and the bulk models. Was a reduction in temperature of the beginning and end of the transformation of the particle. In formation of a percolation cluster from interpenetrating and contacting icosahedrons, for model of the particle, it is involved for 10 percent of atoms more, than for model of a bulk.

In this work, we propose a method of the numerical solution of the magnetostatic problem for domains with boundaries containing corners. With the help of this numerical method, the magnetic systems of rectangular configuration were simulated with high accuracy. In particular, the calculations of some modifications of the magnetic system SP-40 used in the NIS JINR experimental installation, are presented. The basic feature of such a magnet is a rectangular aperture, hence, the area in which the boundary-value problem is solved, has a smooth border everywhere, except for a finite number of angular points in the vicinity of which the border is formed by crossing two smooth curves. In such cases the solution to the problem or derivatives of the solution can have a special feature. A behavior of the magnetic field in the vicinity of an angular point is investigated, and the configuration of the magnet was chosen numerically. The width of the area of homogeneity of the magnetic field increased from 0.5 m up to 1.0 m, i. e. twice.

For the production of purified final product in chemical engineering used the process of desublimation. For this purpose, the tank is cooled by liquid nitrogen or cold air. The mixture of gases flows inside the tank and is cooled to the condensation or desublimation temperature some components of the gas mixture. The condensed components are deposited on the walls of the tank. The article presents a mathematical model to calculate the cooling air tanks for desublimation of vapours. A mathematical model based on equations of gas dynamics and describes the movement of cooled air in the duct and the heat exchanger with heat exchange and friction. The heat of the phase transition is taken into account in the boundary condition for the heat equation by setting the heat flux. Heat transfer in the walls of the pipe and in the tank wall is described by the nonstationary heat conduction equations. The solution of the system of equations is carried out numerically. The equations of gas dynamics are solved by the method of S. K. Godunov. The heat equation are solved by an implicit finite difference scheme. The article presents the results of calculations of the cooling of two successively installed tanks. The initial temperature of the tanks is equal to 298 K. Cold air flows through the tubing, through the heat exchanger of the first tank, then through conduit to the heat exchanger second tank. During the 20 minutes of tank cool down to operating temperature. The temperature of the walls of the tanks differs from the air temperature not more than 1 degree. The flow of cooling air allows to maintain constant temperature of the walls of the tank in the process of desublimation components from a gas mixture. The results of analytical evaluation of the time of cooling tank and temperature difference between the tank walls and air with the vapor desublimation. Analytical assessment is based on determining the time of heat relaxation temperature of the tank walls. The results of evaluations are satisfactorily coincide with the results of calculations by the present model. The proposed approach allows calculating the cooling tanks with a flow of cold air supplied via the pipeline system.

Dynamic game theoretic models of the corporative innovative development are investigated. The proposed models are based on concordance of private and public interests of agents. It is supposed that the structure of interests of each agent includes both private (personal interests) and public (interests of the whole company connected with its innovative development first) components. The agents allocate their personal resources between these two directions. The system dynamics is described by a difference (not differential) equation. The proposed model of innovative development is studied by simulation and the method of enumeration of the domains of feasible controls with a constant step. The main contribution of the paper consists in comparative analysis of efficiency of the methods of hierarchical control (compulsion or impulsion) for information structures of Stackelberg or Germeier (four structures) by means of the indices of system compatibility. The proposed model is a universal one and can be used for a scientifically grounded support of the programs of innovative development of any economic firm. The features of a specific company are considered in the process of model identification (a determination of the specific classes of model functions and numerical values of its parameters) which forms a separate complex problem and requires an analysis of the statistical data and expert estimations. The following assumptions about information rules of the hierarchical game are accepted: all players use open-loop strategies; the leader chooses and reports to the followers some values of administrative (compulsion) or economic (impulsion) control variables which can be only functions of time (Stackelberg games) or depend also on the followers’ controls (Germeier games); given the leader’s strategies all followers simultaneously and independently choose their strategies that gives a Nash equilibrium in the followers’ game. For a finite number of iterations the proposed algorithm of simulation modeling allows to build an approximate solution of the model or to conclude that it doesn’t exist. A reliability and efficiency of the proposed algorithm follow from the properties of the scenario method and the method of a direct ordered enumeration with a constant step. Some comprehensive conclusions about the comparative efficiency of methods of hierarchical control of innovations are received.

Seismic survey process is the common method of prospecting and exploration of deposits: oil and natural gas. Invented at the beginning of the XX century, it has received significant development and is currently used by almost all service oil companies. Its main advantages are the acceptable cost of fieldwork (in comparison with drilling wells) and the accuracy of estimating the characteristics of the subsurface area. However, with the discovery of non-traditional deposits (for example, the Arctic shelf, the Bazhenov Formation), the task of improving existing and creating new seismic data processing technologies became important. Significant development in this direction is possible with the use of numerical simulation of the propagation of seismic waves in realistic models of the geological medium, since it is possible to specify an arbitrary internal structure of the medium with subsequent evaluation of the synthetic signal-response.

The present work is devoted to the study of spatial dynamic processes occurring in geological medium containing fractured inclusions in the process of seismic exploration. The authors constructed a three-dimensional model of a layered massif containing a layer of fluid-saturated cracks, which makes it possible to estimate the signal-response when the structure of the inhomogeneous inclusion is varied. To describe physical processes, we use a system of equations for a linearly elastic body in partial derivatives of the second order, which is solved numerically by a grid-characteristic method on hexahedral grid. In this case, the crack planes are identified at the stage of constructing the grid, and further an additional correction is used to ensure a correct seismic response for the model parameters typical for geological media.

In the paper, three-component area seismograms with a common explosion point were obtained. On their basis, the effect of the structure of a fractured medium on the anisotropy of the seismic response recorded on the day surface at a different distance from the source was estimated. It is established that the kinematic characteristics of the signal remain constant, while the dynamic characteristics for ordered and disordered models can differ by tens of percents.

We consider an application of the Message Passing Interface (MPI) technology for parallelization of the program code which solves equation of the linear elasticity theory. The solution of this equation describes the propagation of elastic waves in demormable rigid bodies. The solution of such direct problem of seismic wave propagation is of interest in seismics and geophysics. Our implementation of solver uses grid-characteristic method to make simulations. We consider technique to reduce time of communication between MPI processes during the simulation. This is important when it is necessary to conduct modeling in complex problem formulations, and still maintain the high level of parallelism effectiveness, even when thousands of processes are used. A solution of the problem of effective communication is extremely important when several computational grids with arbirtrary geometry of contacts between them are used in the calculation. The complexity of this task increases if an independent distribution of the grid nodes between processes is allowed. In this paper, a generalized approach is developed for processing contact conditions in terms of nodes reinterpolation from a given section of one grid to a certain area of the second grid. An efficient way of parallelization and establishing effective interprocess communications is proposed. For provided example problems we provide wave fileds and seismograms for both 2D and 3D formulations. It is shown that the algorithm can be realized both on Cartesian and on structured (curvilinear) computational grids. The considered statements demonstrate the possibility of carrying out calculations taking into account the surface topographies and curvilinear geometry of curvilinear contacts between the geological layers. Application of curvilinear grids allows to obtain more accurate results than when calculating only using Cartesian grids. The resulting parallelization efficiency is almost 100% up to 4096 processes (we used 128 processes as a basis to find efficiency). With number of processes larger than 4096, an expected gradual decrease in efficiency is observed. The rate of decline is not great, so at 16384 processes the parallelization efficiency remains at 80%.