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171. Goncharenko V.M., Shapoval A.B.
     Hypergeometric functions in model of General equilibrium of multisector economy with monopolistic competition
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2017, v. 9, no. 5, pp. 825-836

     We show that basic properties of some models of monopolistic competition are described using families of hypergeometric functions. The results obtained by building a general equilibrium model in a multisector economy producing a differentiated good in $n$ high-tech sectors in which single-product firms compete monopolistically using the same technology. Homogeneous (traditional) sector is characterized by perfect competition. Workers are motivated to find a job in high-tech sectors as wages are higher there. However, they are at risk to remain unemployed. Unemployment persists in equilibrium by labor market imperfections. Wages are set by firms in high-tech sectors as a result of negotiations with employees. It is assumed that individuals are homogeneous consumers with identical preferences that are given the separable utility function of general form. In the paper the conditions are found such that the general equilibrium in the model exists and is unique. The conditions are formulated in terms of the elasticity of substitution $\mathfrak{S}$ between varieties of the differentiated good which is averaged over all consumers. The equilibrium found is symmetrical with respect to the varieties of differentiated good. The equilibrium variables can be represented as implicit functions which properties are associated elasticity $\mathfrak{S}$ introduced by the authors. A complete analytical description of the equilibrium variables is possible for known special cases of the utility function of consumers, for example, in the case of degree functions, which are incorrect to describe the response of the economy to changes in the size of the markets. To simplify the implicit function, we introduce a utility function defined by two one-parameter families of hypergeometric functions. One of the families describes the pro-competitive, and the other — anti-competitive response of prices to an increase in the size of the economy. A parameter change of each of the families corresponds to all possible values of the elasticity $\mathfrak{S}$. In this sense, the hypergeometric function exhaust natural utility function. It is established that with the increase in the elasticity of substitution between the varieties of the differentiated good the difference between the high-tech and homogeneous sectors is erased. It is shown that in the case of large size of the economy in equilibrium individuals consume a small amount of each product as in the case of degree preferences. This fact allows to approximate the hypergeometric functions by the sum of degree functions in a neighborhood of the equilibrium values of the argument. Thus, the change of degree utility functions by hypergeometric ones approximated by the sum of two power functions, on the one hand, retains all the ability to configure parameters and, on the other hand, allows to describe the effects of change the size of the sectors of the economy.

     Keywords: hypergeometric function, monopolistic competition, general utility function, the elasticity of substitution.
     Views (last year): 10.
172. Zenkov A.V.
     A novel method of stylometry based on the statistic of numerals
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2017, v. 9, no. 5, pp. 837-850

     A new method of statistical analysis of texts is suggested. The frequency distribution of the first significant digits in numerals of English-language texts is considered. We have taken into account cardinal as well as ordinal numerals expressed both in figures, and verbally. To identify the author’s use of numerals, we previously deleted from the text all idiomatic expressions and set phrases accidentally containing numerals, as well as itemizations and page numbers, etc. Benford’s law is found to hold approximately for the frequencies of various first significant digits of compound literary texts by different authors; a marked predominance of the digit 1 is observed. In coherent authorial texts, characteristic deviations from Benford’s law arise which are statistically stable significant author peculiarities that allow, under certain conditions, to consider the problem of authorship and distinguish between texts by different authors. The text should be large enough (at least about 200 kB). At the end of $\{1, 2, \ldots, 9\}$ digits row, the frequency distribution is subject to strong fluctuations and thus unrepresentative for our purpose. The aim of the theoretical explanation of the observed empirical regularity is not intended, which, however, does not preclude the applicability of the proposed methodology for text attribution. The approach suggested and the conclusions are backed by the examples of the computer analysis of works by W.M. Thackeray, M. Twain, R. L. Stevenson, J. Joyce, sisters Bront¨e, and J.Austen. On the basis of technique suggested, we examined the authorship of a text earlier ascribed to L. F. Baum (the result agrees with that obtained by different means). We have shown that the authorship of Harper Lee’s “To Kill a Mockingbird” pertains to her, whereas the primary draft, “Go Set a Watchman”, seems to have been written in collaboration with Truman Capote. All results are confirmed on the basis of parametric Pearson’s chi-squared test as well as non-parametric Mann –Whitney U test and Kruskal –Wallis test.

     Keywords: text attribution, first significant digit of numerals.
     Views (last year): 10.
173. Kutovskiy N.A., Nechaevskiy A.V., Ososkov G.A., Pryahina D.I., Trofimov V.V.
     Simulation of interprocessor interactions for MPI-applications in the cloud infrastructure
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2017, v. 9, no. 6, pp. 955-963

     А new cloud center of parallel computing is to be created in the Laboratory of Information Technologies (LIT) of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research JINR) what is expected to improve significantly the efficiency of numerical calculations and expedite the receipt of new physically meaningful results due to the more rational use of computing resources. To optimize a scheme of parallel computations at a cloud environment it is necessary to test this scheme for various combinations of equipment parameters (processor speed and numbers, throughput оf а communication network etc). As a test problem, the parallel MPI algorithm for calculations of the long Josephson junctions (LDJ) is chosen. Problems of evaluating the impact of abovementioned factors of computing mean on the computing speed of the test problem are solved by simulation with the simulation program SyMSim developed in LIT.

     The simulation of the LDJ calculations in the cloud environment enable users without a series of test to find the optimal number of CPUs with a certain type of network run the calculations in a real computer environment. This can save significant computational time in countable resources. The main parameters of the model were obtained from the results of the computational experiment conducted on a special cloud-based testbed. Computational experiments showed that the pure computation time decreases in inverse proportion to the number of processors, but depends significantly on network bandwidth. Comparison of results obtained empirically with the results of simulation showed that the simulation model correctly simulates the parallel calculations performed using the MPI-technology. Besides it confirms our recommendation: for fast calculations of this type it is needed to increase both, — the number of CPUs and the network throughput at the same time. The simulation results allow also to invent an empirical analytical formula expressing the dependence of calculation time by the number of processors for a fixed system configuration. The obtained formula can be applied to other similar studies, but requires additional tests to determine the values of variables.

     Keywords: MPI, parallel computing, cloud computing, simulation.
     Views (last year): 10. Citations: 1 (RSCI).
174. Editor's note
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2018, v. 10, no. 1, pp. 3-5
     Views (last year): 10.
175. Nikonov E.G., Pavlus M., Popovičová M.
     2D microscopic and macroscopic simulation of water and porous material interaction
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2018, v. 10, no. 1, pp. 77-86

     In various areas of science, technology, environment protection, construction, it is very important to study processes of porous materials interaction with different substances in different aggregation states. From the point of view of ecology and environmental protection it is particularly actual to investigate processes of porous materials interaction with water in liquid and gaseous phases. Since one mole of water contains 6.022140857 · 10²³ molecules of H₂O, macroscopic approaches considering the water vapor as continuum media in the framework of classical aerodynamics are mainly used to describe properties, for example properties of water vapor in the pore. In this paper we construct and use for simulation the macroscopic two-dimensional diffusion model [Bitsadze, Kalinichenko, 1980] describing the behavior of water vapor inside the isolated pore. Together with the macroscopic model it is proposed microscopic model of the behavior of water vapor inside the isolated pores. This microscopic model is built within the molecular dynamics approach [Gould et al., 2005]. In the microscopic model a description of each water molecule motion is based on Newton classical mechanics considering interactions with other molecules and pore walls. Time evolution of “water vapor – pore” system is explored. Depending on the external to the pore conditions the system evolves to various states of equilibrium, characterized by different values of the macroscopic characteristics such as temperature, density, pressure. Comparisons of results of molecular dynamic simulations with the results of calculations based on the macroscopic diffusion model and experimental data allow to conclude that the combination of macroscopic and microscopic approach could produce more adequate and more accurate description of processes of water vapor interaction with porous materials.

     Keywords: porous media, molecular dynamics, macroscopic diffusion model.
     Views (last year): 10.
176. Potapov I.I., Snigur K.S.
     Solving of the Exner equation for morphologically complex bed
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2019, v. 11, no. 3, pp. 449-461

     The Exner equation in conjunction phenomenological sediment transport models is widely used for mathematical modeling non-cohesive river bed. This approach allows to obtain an accurate solution without any difficulty if one models evolution of simple shape bed. However if one models evolution of complex shape bed with unstable soil the numerical instability occurs in some cases. It is difficult to detach this numerical instability from the natural physical instability of bed.

     This paper analyses the causes of numerical instability occurring while modeling evolution of complex shape bed by using the Exner equation and phenomenological sediment rate models. The paper shows that two kinds of indeterminateness may occur while solving numerically the Exner equation closed by phenomenological model of sediment transport. The first indeterminateness occurs in the bed area where sediment transport is transit and bed is not changed. The second indeterminateness occurs at the extreme point of bed profile when the sediment rate varies and the bed remains the same. Authors performed the closure of the Exner equation by the analytical sediment transport model, which allowed to transform the Exner equation to parabolic type equation. Analysis of the obtained equation showed that it’s numerical solving does not lead to occurring of the indeterminateness mentioned above. Parabolic form of the transformed Exner equation allows to apply the effective and stable implicit central difference scheme for this equation solving.

     The model problem of bed evolution in presence of periodic distribution of the bed shear stress is carried out. The authors used the explicit central difference scheme with and without filtration method application and implicit central difference scheme for numerical solution of the problem. It is shown that the explicit central difference scheme is unstable in the area of the bed profile extremum. Using the filtration method resulted to increased dissipation of the solution. The solution obtained by using the implicit central difference scheme corresponds to the distribution law of bed shear stress and is stable throughout the calculation area.

     Keywords: mathematical modeling, numerical instability, Exner equation, river bed, sediment transport, analytical model.
     Views (last year): 10.
177. Slovokhotov Y.L.
     Phase transitions associated with economy and demography
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2010, v. 2, no. 2, pp. 209-218

     Crises in social systems are considered by analogy with phase transitions and the corresponding critical phenomena in «non-living» many-particle physical systems. We present two qualitative physical models: (i) a historical and demographic progress as a gradual condensation of economical domains with an improvement of living conditions, and (ii) the modern economical crisis as a result of a spontaneous «condensation» of assets in a free expansion of the U.S. economy in 1990th and 2000th, reducing a control over large business enterprises formed in this process. The first model explains the observed hyperbolic growth of world population in the I–XX centuries A.D. without any additional assumption while the second model points to the analogy between the economic expansion with a drop of competition, and the expansion of gas into vacuum with a drop of temperature.

     Keywords: social systems, phase transition, critical phenomena, crisis, demography, economy.
     Views (last year): 9. Citations: 9 (RSCI).
178. Alekseenko A.E., Kazennov A.M.
     CUDA and OpenCL implementations of Conway’s Game of Life cellular automata
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2010, v. 2, no. 3, pp. 323-326

     In this article the experience of reading “CUDA and OpenCL programming” course during high perfomance computing summer school MIPT-2010 is analyzed. Content of lectures and practical tasks, as well as manner of presenting of the material are regarded. Performance issues of different algorithms implemented by students at practical training session are dicussed.

     Keywords: CUDA, OpenCL, GPGPU, cellular automata, summer school, workshop.
     Views (last year): 9. Citations: 3 (RSCI).
179. Malinetsky G.G.
     Theory of self-organization. On the cusp of IV paradigm
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2013, v. 5, no. 3, pp. 315-336

     We discuss key problems of self-organization theory, synergetics, and the prospects of its development for the next decades. We show that the future of this interdisciplinary approach probably is defined by the development of new network paradigm. We consider statements of several fundamental scientific and principle technological problems and concrete results giving rise to these conclusions.

     Keywords: synergetics, network paradigm, self-organization, cognitive centres, network sociology, small worlds, network-centric wars, cognitive limits, crisis of calculations, complexity, self-organized criticality.
     Views (last year): 9. Citations: 19 (RSCI).
180. Chizhov M.I., Skripchenko Y.S., Gusev P.Y.
     Simulation modeling of the production of parts made of polymer composites
     Computer Research and Modeling, 2014, v. 6, no. 2, pp. 245-252

     Consider the simulation workshop for production of polymer components composite materials. Describes a technique for the manufacture of parts and, based on the event model developed theoretical production. By event-developed theoretical models of production created a computer simulation model in software simulation Tecnomatix Plant Simulation. The analysis of the simulation model created. Given the bottlenecks found, a new simulation model that meets the requirements. The results obtained on the basis of which the practical recommendations to increase the number of parts produced.

     Keywords: simulation, engineering, material flows, optimization, production systems.
     Views (last year): 9. Citations: 18 (RSCI).

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